1 / 13

Digestive and Excretory Systems

Chapter 49. Digestive and Excretory Systems. Chapter 49, Section 1 . The human body needs six nutrients – carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals and water – to grow and function.

randall-peck
Download Presentation

Digestive and Excretory Systems

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 49 Digestive and Excretory Systems

  2. Chapter 49, Section 1 • The human body needs six nutrients – carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals and water – to grow and function.

  3. Carbohydrates provide most of the body’s energy. Monosaccharides are quickly processed by the body. Cellulose cannot be digested but is needed for fiber.

  4. Proteins help the body grow and repair tissues. Amino acids must be obtained from foods. • Lipids are used to build cell membranes. • Vitamins act as coenzymes. The body can synthesize Vitamin D.

  5. Minerals are inorganic substances that are needed in small amounts. • Water helps regulate body temperature and transports nutrients and wastes.

  6. Chapter 49, Section 2 • Mechanical digestion involves the breaking of food into smaller particles. Chemical digestion involves changing the chemical nature of the food substance.

  7. The mouth, teeth, and tongue carry out mechanical digestion. Chemical digestion of carbohydrates occurs in the mouth. • The esophagus is a passageway through which food passes by peristalsis.

  8. The stomach has layers of muscles that churn the food to assist in mechanical digestion. Pepsin in the stomach begins the chemical digestion of proteins.

  9. Bile assists in the mechanical digestion of lipids. Enzymes secreted by the pancreas complete the digestion of the chyme. • The digested nutrients are absorbed through the villi of the small intestine.

  10. The large intestine absorbs water from the undigested mass. The undigested mass is eliminated as feces through the anus.

  11. Chapter 49, Section 3 • The kidneys are the main organs of the urinary system. Reabsorption and secretion occur in the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and the loop of Henle. Nutrients are removed from the nephron and returned to the blood. The filtrate is called urine.

  12. The urine passes through a ureter and is stored in the urinary bladder until it is eliminated through the urethra.

  13. The End

More Related