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Understanding Human-Computer Interaction (HCI): Principles and Practices for User-Centric Design

Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is a multidisciplinary field focused on designing, evaluating, and implementing interactive systems tailored for human use. It encompasses understanding users' physical, psychological, and social capabilities to create effective interfaces. Key areas include usability, interface design methodologies, and the implementation of efficient user systems. Emphasizing a jargon-free approach ensures users interact seamlessly with technology. By improving learnability, flexibility, and robustness, HCI not only enhances user satisfaction but also contributes to commercial success in software adoption and longevity.

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Understanding Human-Computer Interaction (HCI): Principles and Practices for User-Centric Design

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  1. COMP 3715 Spring 05

  2. Human Computer Interaction (HCI) • Human-computer interaction is a discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them. (from ACM SIGCHI curricula for Human-Computer Interaction) • Also known as • Computer-human interaction (CHI) • Man-machine interaction (MMI)

  3. Human Computer Interaction (HCI) • A discipline concerned with the • design, • evaluation • implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them.

  4. Why HCI? • Ultimately computer is set up for human to use • User should not be expected to know the details of the computer • Don’t need to be a mechanic to drive a car • Don’t need to be a electrician to use a VCR

  5. Why HCI? • Built computers so that • It’s “jargon-free” • People can use it without thinking about it • No physical harm • No/minimal discomfort • Physical • Psychological

  6. Why HCI? • From a commercial viewpoint • First impression of the software is crucial • Once company buy a piece of software, not likely to change for years • Easy to use = less training = less cost = more profit = more shelve life

  7. The areas of HCI From ACM-CHI curricula for human-computer interaction

  8. The areas of HCI • Understanding human as individuals • Physiology: physical capabilities • Psychology: understanding and modeling users • Linguistics: understanding verbal communication • Ergonomics: understanding non-verbal communication

  9. The areas of HCI • Understanding human as group • Sociology: Social Organization • Philosophy: Norms and consistency • Anthropology: Culture • Art/Design: Aesthetic appeal

  10. The areas of HCI • Understanding/Expanding computer’s capability • Engineering: Hardware • Computer Science • Artificial Intelligence: modeling users, managing knowledge • Graphics: Visual presentation • Natural Language Processing: “Natural” communication • Speech/Image processing: Perception and response from the computer’s side

  11. The areas of HCI • Understanding the design/implementation process • Software engineering • Statistical evaluation • Conducting experiments

  12. Major issues in HCI • How to design interface • Methodologies and processes • How to implement interfaces • Software toolkits, algorithms • How to evaluate interfaces • Methodologies • New techniques and new kind of interfaces • Modeling the user and predicting behaviour

  13. What is user-friendly, anyway? • Usability: (as defined by ISO 9241) • Usability is the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use.

  14. What is user-friendly, anyway? • Effectiveness: • The accuracy and completeness with which specified users can achieve specified goals in particular environments. • Efficiency: • The resources expended in relation to the accuracy and completeness of goals achieved. • Satisfaction: • The comfort and acceptability of the work system to its users and other people affected by its use.

  15. Design objective of HCI • Learnability • The ease with which new users can begin effective interaction and achieve maximal performance • Flexibility • The multiplicity of ways the user and system exchange information. • Robustness • The level of support provided to the user in determining successful achievement and assessment of goals.

  16. Measuring user-friendliness

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