Regionalism and Representation University of Warwick 04.26.2013 The Sardinia case:

1. Regionalism and Representation University of Warwick 04.26.2013 The Sardinia case: issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick

2. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick 1900s  1990s Hetero-representation • literarymediation • crystallizedstereotypes • mythicalvision of the island SARDINIAN CINEMA 1990s  today Self-representation • first-handexperience • criticalawareness • interpretation of modernity

3. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick

4. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick • Grazia Deledda • Nobel Prizein Literature, 1926 • sensationaldramas • world suspended in time • adverse fortune Cenere (Ash) Febo Mari, 1916 Starring Eleonora Duse

5. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick Cenere: Sardinianenvironmentsreproduced in the ApuanAlps and in studio At the foot of the Gennargentu mountains

6. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick Sardinianenvironmentsreproduced in the mountains of Central Italy and in studio La Grazia (The Grace) Aldo De Benedetti, 1929 Georges Sadoul Cenere: Sardinianlandscapeis the maincharacter of the drama

7. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick 12 films based on the works of Grazia Deledda • Proibito (Forbidden) • Mario Monicelli, 1954 • western genre style • enforcedexotic appeal

8. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick 2+5 MissioneHydra, PietroFrancisci, 1966 • Exotism depriving Sardinia of its true identity: • wild-west scenary • unexplored tropical islands • futuristic worlds • deserted wastelands Signor Robinson, Sergio Corbucci, 1976 Deguejo, Giuseppe Vari, 1966

9. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick • Sardinian cinema 1900/1990 • Common traits influenced by Deledda’s work: • melodramas out of time • ancestral world • passionate loves • sinfulvision of religion • inescapable fate • outlaws • shepherds • women in black • nuraghe Nuraghe: typical Sardinian tower-like architectures dated back to the 19th century B.C.

10. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick Banditi a Orgosolo (Bandits of Orgosolo) Vittorio De Seta, 1961 “Time is measured according to seasonal migrations, the search for grazing and water. The soul of these people is still primitive. What is right to their law, it’s not in the modern world. The only things that matter to them are family and community bonds. Everything else is incomprehensible and hostile; even the State, embodied in the police and the prisons. Out of modernity, they only know rifles. The rifle is used to hunt, to defend oneself and also to attack. They can become outlaws over night, without realising it”

11. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick Martin Scorsese Bandits of Orgosolo: “reveals an archaic and uncontaminated world, in which people speak an ancient dialect, living according to traditional rules”

12. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick • Socio-political and cultural shift in Italy at the beginning of the 1990s: • “manipulite” and end of the • Italian first republic • neo-television • emergence of young native • authors in Sardinia New Sardinian cinema: shows the real Sardinian world from an internal perspective SELF-REPRESENTATION

13. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick Sardinian language as prominent identity-related theme due to: • Sardinian is a neo-Latin language • 1997: law for the preservation of linguistic minority • rehabilitation through mass media • integration within school curricula • spreading in literary production Use of Sardinian language at the cinema: • refashioning of the local language • multiple registers and geographical variations

14. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick Jimmy dellaCollina, Enrico Pau, 2006 • New Sardinian cinema: • presence of an industrial and post-industrial economy • agropastoral economy • rise of the multicultural urban environments • urban sub-proletariat • bourgeois upper-middle class Tajabone, Salvatore Mereu, 2009 Dimmichedestinoavrò, Peter Marcias, 2012 Bellas Mariposas, Salvatore Mereu, 2012

15. The Sardinia case:issues of memory and identity in the cinematographic representation of an island AntiocoFloris, University of Cagliari Ivan Girina, University of Warwick