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The Architecture and Construction of Neuschwanstein Castle

The Architecture and Construction of Neuschwanstein Castle. German 1010 Honors Project. By: Michael Palmer. Overview. Ludwig ll : Early Life King Ludwig II Ludwig ll and Neuschwanstein Construction Architecture of Neuschwanstein King’s Chambers Indoor Grotto Singer’s Hall

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The Architecture and Construction of Neuschwanstein Castle

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  1. The Architecture and Construction of Neuschwanstein Castle German 1010 Honors Project By: Michael Palmer

  2. Overview • Ludwig ll : • Early Life • King Ludwig II • Ludwig ll and Neuschwanstein • Construction • Architecture of Neuschwanstein • King’s Chambers • Indoor Grotto • Singer’s Hall • Throne Hall • Gatehouse • History of Neuschwanstein after Construction • Neuschwanstein in Modern day • Cultural Impact of Neuschwanstein • Questions • Picture Sources • References

  3. Ludwig ll (Early Life) • Born on August 25th 1845 in castle of Nymphenburg. • Raised in Hohenschwangau near Füssen. • Developed a fondness for Richard Wagner’s operas at the young age of 13.

  4. King Ludwig ll • Succeeded to the throne on March 10th 1864, at the age of eighteen. • Became Wagner’s Patron, reportedly spending around 562, 914 marks on him. • Lost much of his power in the Austro-Prussian War. • Subsequently retreated into seclusion. • Died in 1886.

  5. Ludwig ll and Neuschwanstein • Ludwig found the location while wandering the lands around Hohenschwangau. • He wished for the castle to be his own personal residence. • The look of Neuschwanstein concerned him much more than its function. • He drew the construction funds from the civil lists, to which he was entitled.

  6. Construction of Neuschwanstein • Construction began in the summer of 1868. • The builders used advanced machinery and materials to construct the castle. • The Largest steam powered crane in Germany at the time was used. • T-girders used systematically for the first time. • Iron castings used for pillars and brick for walls. • A Spring from the Poltat valley in Bleckenau was diverted to provide water to the castle.

  7. Construction of Neuschwanstein (Continued) • Foundation stone was laid in 1869. • The topping out ceremony for the gatehouse was held on 11 June 1872. • Main Palace completed on the 29th of January 1880.

  8. Construction of Neuschwanstein(Continued) • A telephone line was run to the castle. • Elevators for both food and people were added. • The Palace had hot and cold running water. • Humidifiers and central hot-air-heating was installed in the rooms adjacent to the kitchen.

  9. Architecture of Neuschwanstein (King’s Chambers) • The wood of the bed was intricately carved by hand over a period of four and a half years by seventeen separate wood carvers. • The washstand is done in the swan theme. • The inside wall of the bedroom is adjacent to the stream that was diverted to sustain the castle.

  10. Architecture of Neuschwanstein (Indoor Grotto) • Modeled after Hörselberg in the Tannhäuser saga. • Contained an artificial waterfall. • Indirect lighting effects were used to make the room seem otherworldly.

  11. Architecture of Neuschwanstein (Singer’s Hall) • Based upon the Singer’s Hall and the Festival Hall located in the Wartburg. • The murals depict Lohengrin, the sacred forest that surrounds the Castle of the Holy Grail, Flayetanis, and Kyot. • The windows have unusually large panes of glass.

  12. Architecture of Neuschwanstein (Throne Hall) • The room is done in the Byzantine style and incorporates features inspired by the All Saint’s Church in Munich. • Beneath the copula, Ludwig intended to place an intricately carved throne. • The chandelier is made of gold plated brass.

  13. Architecture of Neuschwanstein (Gatehouse) • The Gatehouse was faced in red brick to make it stand out from the rest of the castle. • Ludwig had originally planned for the gate complex to include a drawbridge. • Above the door to the porter’s lodge is a stone figure of a dog and the inscription, “Bei Tag und Nacht die Treue wacht”.

  14. History of Neuschwanstein after Construction • Seven weeks after Ludwig died Neuschwanstein was opened to the public as a tourist attraction. • The castle managed to survive WWI and WWII untouched because of its secluded location. • During the Second World War ownership of the castle fell to the EinsatzstabReichsleiter Rosenberg für die BesetzenGebiete (Reichsleiter Rosenberg Institute for the Occupied Territories). • After the war, 39 photo albums were found in the palace, documenting the dimension and extent of the treasures stored at Neuschwanstein.

  15. Neuschwanstein in Modern day • Today the castle is visited by 1.4 million people annually and about 6,000 visitors a day in the summer. • There is a constant shifting movement in the foundation of Neuschwanstein that has to be continuously monitored. • The harsh climate of Southern Bavaria has damaged the limestone façades, which will have to be constantly repaired in the years to come.

  16. Cultural Impact of Neuschwanstein • Thecastle was featured in the movies Ludwig II, Ludwig, and Chitty Chitty Bang Bang. • It was the inspiration for Walt Disney’s Sleeping Beauty's Castle in Disneyland. • A meteorite that reached Earth on April 6, 2002 at the Austrian border near Hohenschwangau was named Neuschwanstein after the castle.

  17. Questions?

  18. Picture Sources Title Page "Neuschwanstein.jpg." 2010. http://odyseja666.com. Web. 30 November 2013. <http://odyseja666.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/09/Neuschwanstein.jpg> Main Body Slides Bavarian Department of State-owned Palaces, Gardens and Lakes. The Neuschwanstein Castle. Munich: Bavarian Department of State-owned Palaces, and Lakes, 2013. Web. <http://www.neuschwanstein.de/englisch/palace/index.htm> Questions Slide "neuschwanstein.jpg ." n.d. http://europe.h1.ru/germany2.htm. Web. 30 November 2013. < http://europe.h1.ru/germany/neuschwanstein.jpg>

  19. References • Bavarian Department of State-owned Palaces, Gardens and Lakes. The Neuschwanstein Castle. Munich: Bavarian Department of State-owned Palaces, Gardens and Lakes, 2013. Web. . 30 November 2013 • Bavarian Department of State-owned Palaces, Gardens and Lakes. Tour of the Castle. Munich: Bavarian Department of State-owned Palaces, Gardens and Lakes, 2013. Web. . 30 November 2013 • —. King Ludwig II of Bavaria. Biography. Munich: Bavarian Department of State-owned Palaces, Gardens and Lakes, 2013. Web. . 30 November 2013 • Encyclopedia Britanica. "Louis II." Biography. n.d. Web. . 30 November 2013 • Froitzheim, Nikolaus. Geology of the Alps Part 1: General remarks; Austroalpinenappes. Lecture outline. Bonn: University of Bonn , n.d. Pdf. • King, Greg. The Mad King: The Life and Times of Ludwig II of Bavaria. Biography. Secaucus, New Jersey: Carol Publishing Group, 2010. Web. . 30 November 2013

  20. References • Knapp, Gottfried. Neuschwanstein. Trans. Joachim Baun. London: Edition Axel Menges, 1999. Print. • Kohout, T., et al. The possible scenarios of the Neuschwanstein meteorite history based on physical properties. Meeting Abstract. Washington DC: NASA, 2004. Web. • Linnenkamp, Rolf. Die Schlösser und Projekte Ludwigs II. Heyne Verlag, 1986. Pdf. • National Archives. National Archives Announces Discovery of "Hitler Albums" Documenting Looted Art. Press Release. Washington DC: National Archives, 2007. Web. • Notable Name Database. "Ludwig II." Biography. n.d. Web. • Steinberger, Hans. The royal Bavarian Castles : Herren-Chiemsee, Neuschwanstein, Hohenschwangau, Linderhof,and Berg. Munich: F. Speiser, 1905. Pdf.

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