A Combined Mobility and QoS Framework for Delivering Ubiquitous Services

1. PIMRC Workshop “Ubiquitous Services over heterogeneous mobile networks” Cannes, France, 2008 A Combined Mobility and QoS Framework for Delivering Ubiquitous Services Dev Pragad Audsin, George Kamel, Paul Pangalos and Hamid Aghvami Mobile VCE Research Centre for Telecommunications Research King’s College London

2. Outline of the Presentation • Mobility and QoS interactions • Concept of Enhanced Nodes: A framework for providing seamless access • Mobility and QoS Functions of Enhanced Nodes • An Example: QoS based Mobility Selection • Conclusions

3. Mobility and QoS Interactions • Interactions between mobility management and QoS have been well-studied in the literature • Negative interactions between QoS and mobility • Usually in the form of a delay during handover • Such interactions can cause disruption to on-going data sessions • It has been recognised that in order to be able to support any form of real-time applications, negative interactions must be suppressed • We propose a framework based on Enhanced Nodes to minimise some of the negative interactions

4. Need for Enhanced Nodes • Existing networks are often static • Existing networks often have no framework to provide cooperation between mechanisms such as mobility and QoS • Many of the mobility, QoS and security functionalities have (negative?) interactions with each other • Hence, a framework for network enhancement is required • This framework is provided by Enhanced Nodes

5. Enhanced Nodes (EN) • ENs add more intelligence to the network and contain Mobility, QoS and Security functionalities • The Mobility functionality subsumes the role of Mobility Anchor Point in HMIPv6 • QoS aspect of the EN subsume numerous functionalities including QoS re-establishment after handovers • The ENs have a common communication link established between them to share mobility and QoS information of the network and MNs

6. Enhanced Node Framework Inter-Network communication by ENs facilitating cooperation between networks Intra-network signalling

7. Intra-Network EN Functionalities • The presence of ENs facilitate communication and sharing of information within a network • This can lead to better load balancing, network routing / forwarding and QoS path reservation. • The ENs can facilitate handovers between Mobility Anchors (MA) and provide the new MA with information regarding the MN (MA is part of EN functionality). • The ENs can help optimise network performance by providing the network with intelligence required to adapt according to the network state (Example)

8. QoS based Mobility Protocol Selection • We provide a solution to a mobility and QoS Routing negative interaction • In agent based micro-mobility protocols such as HMIPv6 and NetLMM, the Mobility Anchors acts as a point through which all traffic traverses • This can lead to congestion and overloading of Mobility Anchors while at the same time cause routing overheads and affect the best QoS path • Previous work shows that this leads to routing overheads and network congestion and reduction in network capacity

9. Introduction to the Problem • There can exist under utilized paths with better QoS resources • The presence of Mobility Anchors can potentially prevent the best QoS path to be selected by the QOS routing Flow using Mobility Agent

10. Solution with ENs • The ENs can play a very vital role to enhance existing networks and provide solutions to problems such as this • In this problem we aim to have some interaction between mobility and the QoS routing to maximise network performance • We aim to achieve this through selecting the best mobility binding update (protocol) for the variety of classes the network supports • This solution will allow more number of high QoS applications to have efficient micro-mobility support

11. Proposed Solution • Route low QoS traffic classes when possible around Mobility Anchors • Utilise the lesser congested paths that are under utilised due to routing constraints induced by Mobility Anchors • The lower QoS traffic classes can sustain higher handover delays when they do not use Mobility Anchors • The Enhanced Node can provide the framework to support this solution

12. Traffic Class to Mobility Selection

13. Enhanced Node Signalling Signalling (Network State) Registration Request (Binding Update) Perform calculation on classes to use micro-mobility and the potential paths these classes can take to maximise utilisation the of network resources BU ACK with classes to use micro-mobility

14. Advantages of the proposed solution • The traffic load and distribution within the network can be balanced efficiently, this case is exemplified for a NEMO network • Micro-Mobility support is prioritised for applications with high QoS requirements such as VoIP and video conferencing • This can increase the number of active higher QoS sessions in the network since these sessions cannot run efficiently without micro-mobility support in a mobile environment

15. Conclusion • Provided a framework for network enhancement through Enhanced Nodes • Covered the Mobility and QoS aspects of the Enhanced Nodes functionality • Investigated the negative interaction between Agent based micro-mobility solutions and QoS routing within a network • Proposed a EN assisted QoS traffic class to mobility selection mechanism to reduce the negative interaction between micro-mobility and QoS routing

16. Thank you !