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The Protestant Reformation: Unveiling Corruption and Revolutionizing Faith

Explore how Martin Luther's 95 Theses challenged the Catholic Church, sparking a movement that reshaped Western Christianity. Learn about key figures, events, and the lasting impact of this religious revolution.

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The Protestant Reformation: Unveiling Corruption and Revolutionizing Faith

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  1. The Protestant Reformation 1500’s Europe

  2. The Beginning • 1500’s • Educated Europeans influenced by Renaissance ideas • Secularism • Humanism • Wanted change in Catholic Church • Extravagance and hedonism

  3. The Issues at Hand • Pope Leo X • Trying to raise money to rebuild St. Peter’s Basilica • Authorized selling of indulgences • Martin Luther • German Monk • Believed in Justification by Faith • Church was not ultimate authority

  4. The 95 Thesis • 95 Theses • Against indulgences and corruption in church • Advocated Justification by Faith • Indulgence sales went down • Began to affect the finances of the Church

  5. Want Luther wanted/believed… • Developed the idea of justification by faith • Having faith in God’s mercy and love was all that was needed to ensure entrance to heaven • Luther wanted to share this information with everyone – thought the Pope would agree, but the Pope just wanted $$ for his cathedral in Rome

  6. The Pope Goes Off • Leo X is angered by effect of 95 Theses • Asks Martin Luther to recant his criticisms • Luther refuses • Luther is condemned, excommunicated, and his works are banned

  7. Edict of Worms • Passed by Charles V and Pope Leo X • German princes meet and try to convince Luther to recant • Still refuses • Makes it a crime to shelter/feed Luther or spread his word • While in hiding, Luther translates New Testament to German

  8. The Conflict • A Catholic agent was in town, selling indulgences (get out of Purgatory free cards), giving people guilt-trips • “As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs” – John Tetzel’s selling slogan

  9. Luther’s Protector • Fredrick the Wise

  10. The Spread of Lutheranism • Catholicism • Catholicism stresses faith and good works necessary for salvation • Church Teachings necessary for spiritual guidance • Ritual Heavy • Communion, confession, baptism, etc. • Services in Latin • Lutheranism • Salvation by faith alone • Bible, not clergy, is the only source of religious truth • Less ritual • Services held in vernacular (everyday language) • Up for interpretation

  11. Protestantism Spreads • Huldrych Zwingli • Leads Prot. Movement in Switzerland • Stresses salvation by faith alone • Criticizes Catholic beliefs/practices • Wants to break from Catholic tradition • Desires a theocracy (church-run state) • John Calvin • Sets up a theocracy in Geneva • Believes in predestination • God determines the fate of every person

  12. Anabaptists • Adult Baptisms • Believe that only a person who can make an informed decision should be baptised • Denied the authority of local gov’t to direct their lives • Refused to hold office, bear arms, swear oaths • Many were persecuted • Fled to North America • Promoted religious freedom and seperation of church and state • Branched off into: • Baptists • Mennonites • Amish

  13. Henry VIII • King of England • Wants a divorce from Catherine • Could not produce a male heir • Pope refuses stating church rules • Just so happened that Catherine was aunt of Charles V (HRE) • Henry abandons the Catholic Church • Passes the Act of Supremacy • Forms the Church of England (Anglican) w/ the monarch as the head

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