United States Civil War

1. United States Civil War Causes and Events of war

2. Compromise of 1850 Ellen Rider

3. Points At Issue • United States recently gained new territory- Slave or free states? • Washington D.C. had the largest slave market in North America. • Texas claimed that its territory extended all the way to Santa Fe. http://www.historyisgroovy.com/STUDY_GUIDES/vis/1820_1877/1850map_lg.jpg

4. Henry Clay Introduces the Compromise http://www.ushistory.org/us/images/00000520.jpg

5. The Compromise • Texas would give up extra land for 10 million dollars. • New Mexico, Nevada, Arizona, and Utah-Territories would be made free or slave states by the inhabitants when applying for statehood. • Slave trade would be abolished in D.C. • California would be admitted as a free state • The Fugitive Slave Act was passed.

6. The Fugitive Slave Act • Required citizens to assist in the recovery of fugitive slaves. • Denied a fugitive’s rights to a jury trial. • More federal officials to enforce the law.

7. Works Cited • http://www.historyisgroovy.com/STUDY_GUIDES/vis/1820_1877/1850map_lg.jpg • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2951.html • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Slave_kidnap_post_1851_boston.jpg/250px-Slave_kidnap_post_1851_boston.jpg

8. The Underground Railroad

9. What was the Underground Railroad? • The underground rail road was not actually underground, but simply a small group of people who attempted to move enslaved individuals escaping from slavery to and from safe places in a quick and secretive manner. • Most widespread during the three decades prior to the Civil War and primarily took place in the regions bordering slave states.

10. Started By Quakers Code names for places and people were used to ensure that it remained a secret. Participation was illegal Fugitive Slave Acts as early as 1793 that allowed slave catchers to come north and force runaways back into slavery

11. Important People involved in the Underground Railroad • Henry 'Box' Brown • Robert Smalls • Harriet Tubman

12. Citations • http://www.myhero.com/images/guest/g202782/hero47742/g202782_u53245_moses.jpg • http://www.kingtisdell.org/Smalls.jpg • http://thespiritofniagara.com/images/slides/underground-railroad/underground-railroad-002.jpg • http://www.freedomcenter.org/underground-railroad/history/people/Henry-Brown/ • http://www.slaveryinamerica.org/images/ugrr_1860.jpg • http://www.freedomcenter.org/

13. Uncle Tom’s Cabin Emily Hrabovsky

14. Background • Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe between 1850 and 1852 • First appeared in the National Era, and anti-slavery newspaper, in 1851 • Did not attract interest until it was published as a novel in 1852 • Sold over 500,000 copies in the US within the first 5 years

15. What Was It? • Novel based off of accounts of runaway slaves she heard about and gathered while visiting Kentucky • Stowe was an abolitionist that wanted the North to understand the mistreatment of slaves in the South • The South took the North’s interest in the book as an attack on the South as a whole. • Many historians think that the novel was the cause of the start of the Civil War.

16. Citations • http://www.anti-slaverysociety.addr.com/hus-utc.htm • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_did_'Uncle_Tom's_Cabin'_play_a_role_in_the_Civil_War • http://blackbloggers.files.wordpress.com/2011/06/uncle-toms-cabin-pic.jpg • http://www.wildwestweb.net/cwp/cwp65.jpg

17. Kansas-Nebraska Act Bleeding Kansas Ezra K. Marshall

18. Kansas-Nebraska Act • Popular Sovereignty • Created Kansas & Nebraska Territories • Stephen A. Douglas • Transcontinental RR • Republicans aimed to eliminate act

19. Bleeding Kansas • Free Soilers were outnumbered • Civil War • 200 Killed • Pottawatomie Creek Massacre

20. Citation • http://www.culpeperschools.org/kwalter/us.jpg • http://www.ushistory.org/us/33b.asp • http://www.patriotic-flags.com/confederate/1_rebel_emb.jpg

21. Sumner and Brooks Fight in the Senate

22. Charles Sumner is the Senator of Massachusetts, an Abolitionist, and the leader of the Republican party Preston Brooks is a representative of South Carolina and the cousin of SC senator Andrew Butler

23. Sumner had a two day speech on the Senate floor called “The Crime Against Kansas” (referring to the Kansas-Nebraska Act) where he blasted politicians, including Butler, for supporting slavery • This makes Brooks really angry, so he savagely beats Sumner with his cane • Brooks became a hero in the South and a negative symbol of the South in the North • The incident exemplified growing hostility between the North and the South

25. Works Cited • http://www.ushistory.org/us/31e.asp • http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/preston-brooks-attacks-charles-sumner • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Southern_Chivalry.jpg • http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VJTAbpqFZqc/Tfe1bSn67dI/AAAAAAAAHMI/K2PUExw9JV8/s1600/bleeding%2Bkansas%2BArgumentsChivalry1856top.jpg • http://bradwarthen.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/PBrooks-SC2.jpg • http://www.nndb.com/people/458/000050308/sumner-sm.jpg

26. Dred Scott v. Sanford Imani Brown Mrs. Dorman 23 February 12

27. Dred Scott lived in Illinois, which is a free state and Wisconsin Territory majority of his life. In 1830, he moved to Missouri. He felt that since he lived as a free man for so long, he should have citizenship. He first sued for his freedom in 1847. After ten years his case was brought to the Supreme Court. Roger B. Taney Background

28. Facts About The Case • The Supreme Court voted against Dred Scott • The Missouri Compromise was determined unconstitutional. • Slaves were property, not human.

29. Outcome • Southerners celebrated the decision. • It harden the political rivalry between North and South. • Abolitionists thought it was a conspiracy. • North thought about leaving the union.

30. Citations • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2932.html • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4h2933.html • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_was_the_significance_of_the_Dred_Scott_v_Sanford_decision

31. Lincoln Douglas Debates By: Lillian Sachs

32. Lincoln-Douglas Debates • The debates were between Stephen A. Douglas and Abraham Lincoln. • Was held in 1858 during the campaign for a US Senate seat from Illinois. • There were 7 sites throughout Illinois that the debate was held, one in each of the 7 Congressional Districts • Series of seven debates

33. Stephen A. Douglas “Little Giant” • Was a democrat and the current Senator of Illinois since 1847. • Douglas's Kansas-Nebraska Act • Popular sovereignty • Whigs and Democrats

34. Abraham Lincoln • Lincoln argued over Popular Sovereignty. • National Policy

35. The Outcome • The Compromise of 1850 • Fugitive Slave Law • Douglas said that the Compromise of 1850 replaced the Missouri Compromise ban on slavery in the Louisiana Purchase territory north and west of the state of Missouri. • Lincoln argued that this was false,and that Popular Sovereignty and the Dred Scott decision were a departure from the policies of the past that would nationalize slavery.

36. Cited Works • http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Lincoln_Douglas_Debates_1958_issue-4c.jpg • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Abraham_Lincoln_1860.jpg • http://www.illinoiscivilwar.org/debates.html

37. Harpers Ferry By: Jared Huntley

38. Harper Ferry • Harpers Ferry is in West Virginia. • Harpers Ferry was a hub of trains and canals which set up easy escape routes. • On the border of Pennsylvania, a free state, and Maryland.

39. John Brown • John Brown and his 21 followers 5 of them were free African Americans set out to take over the federal arsenal which was in Harpers Ferry. • He hoped that it would inspire slaves to join a revolution that would destroy slavery in the south.

40. You FailedI'm sorry • Everything that Brown had setup was put to rest. • And not only did Browns plan fail but two of Browns sons were killed.

41. Work Citied • http://l.yimg.com/cv/eng/yahoo/events/blackhistory/2011/t1_10.jpg • http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/images/johnbrown1.jpg • http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-s02eAuZ7D80/TyJFATvqdiI/AAAAAAAABAQ/p-yq1CfFMDY/s1600/Failure-8.jpg

42. Confederate States

43. Virginia NC SC Tennessee Georgia Florida Alabama Arkansas Louisiana Mississippi Texas Jefferson Davis, from Kentucky, was president of the confederate states during the Civil War.

44. South Carolina was the first state out of the union on December 20, 1860. By March 1861, six more states who were angry at Lincoln’s election also left the union such as Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana and Texas. Eventually Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee and NC followed.

45. Work Cited laugalaekjarskoli.is/.../the-civil-war.html www.zazzle.com/confederate_states_flag_postca...

46. Fort Sumter Fort Sumter The Beginning of the Civil War The Beginning of the Civil War

47. It Fort Sumter (the most important of all Union forts) was the 1st engagement of the Civil War. • guarded the harbor at Charleston, South Carolina. • January 1861, President Buchanan tried to send troops and supplies to the fort , but Confederate guns fired on it. • By April the troops at Fort Sumter desperately needed food and supply; Lincoln faced a dilemma. • Lincoln sent only food supply.

48. Major Robert Anderson (Fort Sumter Commander)

49. The Fall of Fort Sumter • Conferderate batteries showered Fort Sumter with over 3,000 shells. • Major Robert Anderson surrenders.

50. Citation • http://www.charlestonbatterytour.com/attack-fort-sumter.jpg • http://www.ushistory.org/us/33a.asp • http://www.nps.gov/hps/abpp/battles/sc001.htm • American History Book