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Comprehensive Guide to Structuring a Research Manuscript: Key Components and Formatting

This guide provides an overview of the essential elements of a research manuscript, including the title page, abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections. Each part is clearly defined, with specific instructions for formatting and content. This resource is valuable for researchers looking to prepare a manuscript that adheres to standard academic conventions. It covers details such as participant descriptions, data analysis methods, reference formatting, and the inclusion of tables and figures.

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Comprehensive Guide to Structuring a Research Manuscript: Key Components and Formatting

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  1. CHAPTER OVERVIEW • What a Manuscript Looks Like • Nuts and Bolts

  2. Title Page Abstract Introduction Method Results Discussion References Appendices Author Note Footnotes Table Captions Tables Figure Captions Figures WHAT A MANUSCRIPT LOOKS LIKE

  3. TITLE PAGE Running Head Title Authors Institutional Affiliation

  4. ABSTRACT • A one-sentence statement of purpose • A brief description of participants • A brief description of results • Any conclusions being offered

  5. ABSTRACT Running head appears on each page No indent

  6. INTRODUCTION • Outlines background of problem • Helps reader understand problem • States purpose of study

  7. INTRODUCTION Title Level 1 heading All text is double spaced 1.5 inch margin 1.5 inch margin

  8. METHOD • Describes how the study was conducted • The most common subheads are • Participants—who they were, and what special characteristics they had, what instructions were given • Instruments—what tests, drugs, computers, etc., were used • Data Analysis—how the data were analyzed

  9. METHOD Level 1 heading Level 2 heading

  10. INSTRUCTIONS FOR PLACEMENT OF TABLES AND FIGURES Reference to where table 1 should be placed

  11. RESULTS • Descriptive statistics • Outcomes of inferential statistical tests • References to tables and figures

  12. RESULTS Level 1 heading

  13. DISCUSSION • Evaluation of study • How this study relates to past studies • What the results mean • Contributions the study makes • Implications and limitations • Sometimes, results and discussion are reported together in one section

  14. REFERENCES • Sources consulted during course of study • Must be in appropriate format

  15. REFERENCES Level 1 heading Book reference Journal article references Magazine/ Periodical reference

  16. END MATTER • APPENDICES • Non essential, but important information • Often original data or drawings • AUTHOR NOTES • Supplementary information • FOOTNOTES • Elaborate on references or other technical points in manuscript

  17. TABLES • Table captions—a list of tables to follow and their respective captions • Tables • Text arranged in columns or rows • Numbered consecutively

  18. FIGURES • Figure captions—Identify each of the figures with a number and title • Figures • Actual figures

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