Aim: How does your body move?

2. Aim: How does your body move? Do Now: Why does our body require bones to be present? Homework: Immune System Worksheet #2

3. Muscle System • Makes up nearly half the weight of the human body. • Provide the forces necessary to move the human body.

4. Three types of Muscle • Skeletal Muscle • About 650 skeletal muscles located within the body. • Voluntary Muscles. • Attach to bones through tendons. • Smooth Muscle • Makes up our organs • Arteries, stomach, bladder • Involuntary muscles • Cardiac Muscle • The heart • Involuntary

5. What are muscles made up of? • Long fibers that contract and relax • Actin and myosin (Proteins) • Interacting actin and myosin are referred to as sarcomere • Nerves which carry the signals to the muscles. • Motor Neuron to Effectors (muscle) • Blood Vessels • Carry oxygen and nutrients to the muscle and remove waste (CO2)

6. Connective tissue • Tendons • Connect muscles to bone • Ligaments • Connect bone to bone • Cartilage • Found between bones and add support and shock absorption

7. Cartilage

8. Ligaments

9. Tendons

10. Skeletal System • Provides support for the body. • Is a connecting point for ligaments, tendons, and cartilage. • Provide protection for our organs. • Both fused and individual bones • The human body is made up of 206 bones • As an infant you have 270 bones

11. Bones • A rigid structure that provides support and protection for our body’s. • Bones are hard rigid tissue made up of minerals (calcium)

12. Parts of the bone • The outer part of the bone is called the Periostem • Very dense and filled with nerves and blood vessels • The next layer is the compact bone layer • Smooth and very hard • The next layer is the cancellous layer • Sponge area of the bone also where bone marrow is located

13. Key Concepts • Bones are connected to bone by what? • Ligaments • Muscles are connected to bone by? • Tendons • How many muscles are in the body? • 650 • What other body systems interact with the muscle and skeletal system?

14. Disorders • Tendonitis • Inflammation or swelling of the tendon. • Causes pain and irritation and if not taken care of could cause weakness in the tendon and or break the tendon. • Most commonly occurs around the joints of the body.

15. Disorders • Osteoporoses • The thinning of bone tissue and the lose of bone density • Occurs most often in females • Body no longer forms enough new bone • Can lead to bone pain, fractures, and lose of height.