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Visualizing Speciation in Artificial Cichlid Fish

Visualizing Speciation in Artificial Cichlid Fish. CSCI 6175 Santiago Pazmiño. Cichlid speciation Project (CSP) Used to investigate the speciation of the African cichlid Fish. It also demonstrates how speciation is a part of some biological creatures. African Cichlid Fish.

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Visualizing Speciation in Artificial Cichlid Fish

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  1. Visualizing Speciation in Artificial Cichlid Fish CSCI 6175 Santiago Pazmiño

  2. Cichlid speciation Project (CSP) • Used to investigate the speciation of the African cichlid Fish. • It also demonstrates how speciation is a part of some biological creatures.

  3. African Cichlid Fish

  4. The Cichlidae family contains over 1,200 species of fish, the majority of which are found in the Tanganyika and Malawai Lakes of Central Africa

  5. Overview INTRODUCTION FUZZY SET TRACKING CONCLUSION PHYLOGENETIC TREE GENERATION CSP DETAILS VISUALIZATION IN THE CSP

  6. Introduction

  7. Speciation • The process by which two or more daughter species arise from a single ancestor and is a fundamental step in evolution.

  8. Allopatric Speciation • In this type of speciation two or more populations of a single species are separated by a physical barrier and these populations diverge, primarily by genetic drift.

  9. Sympatric Speciation • A type of speciation where a single species splits into two or more daughter species without any physical separation.

  10. Species ConceptGenealogical (GSC) • States that species are groups of organisms that are more closely related to each other than to organism outside of the group.

  11. Speciation • It can occur through Pre-Zygotic or Post-Zygotic isolation.

  12. CSP Details

  13. CSP • Agent-Based artificial ecology. • Agent-Based ? • Ecology ? • Project agents

  14. Agent properties

  15. Fixed Properties Maximum Energy Reserves Average Number of Young Time of Sexual Maturity Energy Requirements Size of Stomach Life Span

  16. Variable Properties Trophic Adaptation Sexual Preference Color

  17. Feeding

  18. Environment Food Sources • Energy • Luck factor

  19. Metabolism and Growth

  20. Energy < Minimum Energy Level • Death • Size < Maximum Size Level • Grows by a Predefined Increment

  21. Breeding

  22. For a female to breed • Reach sexual maturity • Have not breed too recently • Have enough energy reserves.

  23. For a male to breed • A single partner is chosen by a female. • Selection depends on the attractive of the male.

  24. Offspring • Fixed Properties • Variable Properties • Energy • Constant Phenotype

  25. Output

  26. Log file created listing: • Births • Deaths • Mating between the fish in the population. • Description of Phenotypes of each fish.

  27. Visualization in the CSP

  28. Visualization Model • Constantly changing as new findings require new visual models which are simple enough to demonstrate the various types of speciation.

  29. Early Visualization Techniques

  30. 3D Graph

  31. Scatterplot

  32. Present Technique

  33. Phylogenetic Trees

  34. Fuzzy Set Tracking

  35. Fuzzy Species Membership

  36. Continuous process • Fuzzy concept • Fuzzy logic

  37. Species Identification

  38. Final Species Back Trace Binary Vectors # of potential ancestors = 8 ancestors= 1, 6, and 8. binary vector F = 10100001 Labeling Core and Non-core fish.

  39. Phylogenetic Tree Generation

  40. Assigning a Timeline

  41. Initial population start at time 0, or step 0. • The phylogenetic tree is created from the appearance and extinction of all species and their historical relationships. • The time line is plotted at the left hand side of the page.

  42. Phylogenetic Tree and Fish Colorization

  43. Conclusion

  44. Cichlid Speciation Project differs from other AI Ecology projects. • It demonstrates sympatric speciation. • It is not fully accurate to real life. • Future plans: • Split the visualization system into two separate parts.

  45. References • Clement, Ross. "Visualizing Speciation in Artificial Cichlid Fish." Artificial Life 12.2 (2006): 243-57. Print. • http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/584695/taxonomy/48693/The-Linnaean-system. • http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/fuzzy-logic • http://www.rationalskepticism.org/evolution/human-speciation-t8343.html • Futayma, D. (1998). Evolutionary biology. Sunderland, MA: Sinaeur Associates. • http://reefbuilders.com/2014/02/05/saltwater-fish/ • http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/phylogenetics_01

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