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Planetary Nebula Image Catalogue for Morphological Classification<br>

Browse over 720 images of planetary nebulae, sorted by galactic coordinates and names. Includes primary, secondary, and tertiary morphology classifications with statistics. Discover round, elliptical, barrel, pinched, equatorial core outlines, large-scale symmetries, core extensions, and small-scale features. Special acknowledgements to researchers Romano Corradi and Arturo Manchado. Coming soon: more Hubble Space Telescope images to be added. Stay tuned for updates this summer!<br>

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Planetary Nebula Image Catalogue for Morphological Classification<br>

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  1. PLANETARY NEBULA IMAGE CATALOGUE Bruce Balick, U. Washington www.astro.washington.edu/balick/PNIC A tribute to Donald E. Osterbrock, 1924–2007

  2. ≈720 images of ≈620 PNesorted by galactic coordinates and namesearch with your browser’s “Find” Special acknowledgements: Romano Corradi, Arturo Manhcado

  3. Ground-based, HST, and Large-Field Images when available Image Legend: name, coordinates, colors, attribution, source

  4. Morphology Classifications and Frequency Statistics ≈620 PNe; more HST images of PNe and pPNe to be added this summer

  5. Morphological Types • Primary: core outline, which is the most prominent structure seen in short exposures • DEPENDS ON GOOD SPATIAL RESOLUTION • Only one core classification per object, like a species • Secondary: large-scale symmetries • DEPENDS ON DEPTH OF EXPOSURES • Tertiary: relatively prominent extended features near the core • LOBES, SHELLS, HALOES, BOW WAVES… • DEPENDS ON DEPTH OF EXPOSURES • Tertiary: small-scale features • ANSAE, JETS, “SPIKES”, FILAMENTS, ETC. • DETECTION IS SENSITIVE TO RESOLUTION AND FILTER

  6. Primary: Core Outlines • Round (17% of classifiable, 13% of all) • Closed Elliptical (36%— 27%) • Barrel, or open elliptical (29%— 22%) • Pinched waist(9%— 6%) • Equatorial disk(9%— 7%) • Amorphous or complex (unclassifiable) (11%) • Poorly resolved (unclassifiable) (13%)

  7. Primary: Core Outlines • Roundthe core has a closed round outline • Closed Ellipticalthe core has a closed elliptical outline • Barrel, or open elliptical

  8. Primary: Core Outlines – Pinched waist the core has a pinched, perhaps darkened waist • Equatorial disk the core is dominated by a equatorial thin disk or ring

  9. Primary: Core Outlines – Amorphous or complex (unclassifiable) – Poorly resolved (unclassifiable)

  10. 2ry: Large-Scale Symmetry • Multiple Symmetry Axes (8%) • Spiral or Point Symmetry (5%) • Orthogonal Extensions (8%)

  11. 3ry: Prominent Core Extensions • Lobe Pairs (open and closed) (27%) • Peanut, or Pinched Barrel (4%) • Encapsulating Bow Wave (2%)

  12. 3ry: Prominent Core Extensions • Shells (adjacent to core; ≈smooth surface brightness) (20%) • Haloes (large, faint, limb brightened, sometimes irregular)(4%)

  13. 4ry: Small-Scale Features • Ansae or Knots (in regular pairs)(10%) • Jets or Bowshocks (in regular pairs)(3%) • Spikes and Necklaces(2%)

  14. 4ry: Small-Scale Features • Knotty Edges (9%) • Filamentary or Flocculent Edges (12%) • Possible Neutral Edges (3%)

  15. Remember! • The images come from highly biased and incomplete samples and surveys • The image details depend on exposure depth, spatial resolution, filters, field, other observables • Morphologies are a multidimensional continuum; names can create artificial boundaries • More HST images coming: prePNe and PNe • Combine with kinematic data • e.g., The SPM Kinematic Catalog of PNe (in progress) J.A. Lopez, M. Richer, H. Riesgo, W. Steffen, J. Meaburn, G. Garcia-Segura, M. Bryce, & K. Escalante • Combine with IR & x-ray images

  16. X-Ray vs Optical Core Morphologies • All nine extended x-ray PNe are contained within closed cores and lobes(so far, anyway) • All seven non-detections of PNe have open geometries • Suggests that “punctures” deflate the hot bubble; gas cools by expansion X-ray images from www.iaa.csic.es/xpn/xmm_axaf_det.html courtesy Martin A. Guerrero, You-Hua Chu, and Robert A. Gruendl

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