The importance of case report writing in evidence-based practice – Pubrica

1. THE IMPORTANCE OF CASEREPORTWRITING INEVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE AnAcademicpresentationby Dr.NancyAgnes,Head,TechnicalOperations,Pubrica Group: www.pubrica.com Email:sales@pubrica.com

2. Today'sDiscussion Outline In-Brief Introduction GeneralPrinciplesofCaseReport ClinicalStudyDesignandtheValueofCaseReportsandStudies inEvidence-BasedPractice MedicalEducation NewScientificDiscovery&RoleinPatientCare Conclusion

3. In-Brief Medicalcasestudyreportwritingshouldencompassthefollowingfivesections: an abstract, an introduction with a literature review, a description of the case report, a discussion that includes a detailed explanation of the literature review, and a summary of the case and a conclusion. All biomedical research offers some sort of data that can be used to guide patient care. The gathered data or research evidence's strength and quality are mainly based on the clinical researchdesign type.

4. Introduction Randomized clinical trials act advancingmedicalliterature. They are labour intensive, significantresourceutilization. as a cornerstone in expensive, and need Inadditiontothat,theyareoftenchallengingtoexecute. Dealswithunusualdiseases,whicharecausedduetoa lackofsignificant study,i.e.group sizes. Contd...

5. The major benefit in the publication of case reports is its essential role in medical education. Regardless of experience, whether they are a first-year medical student or an expertphysician,casereportshaveasignificantroleinadvancingclinical knowledge. Itactsasaversatileteachingtool.

6. General Principlesof CaseReport Medicalcasestudyreportwritingisaresearchdesign that describes unexpected or novel clinical course occurrence, report of findings and prognosis of an individual patient, which might be or but not compulsory,accompaniedbyareviewoftheliterature ofother reportedcases. Thoughtheyareconsideredthebottommostinthe hierarchyofevidence-basedpracticeinthemedical literature, it offers necessary data for shared individual experiencesandunfamiliareventstoimprove understandingandoptimisepatient care. Thismethodmightproduceanideaorhypothesis. Contd...

7. Itwillnotbeconfirmedunlessconductingadditionalobservationalstudydesignsor confirmatoryquantitativeexperimentalsuchasclinicaltrialsorcohortstudies. Apartfromthat,acasereportoffersthemedicalcommunityevidencethatanyother designscannot pick up. The clinical observation case report might be in the tail of the hierarchy of evidence-basedmedicine. Still,ifproperlyselectedandappropriatelyreported,itmightstandabetterchance ofpublication inhigh impactjournals than evena clinicaltrial.

8. Clinical Study Designand the Value of Case Reports and Studies in Evidence- BasedPractice Allbiomedicalresearchofferssomesortofdatathat canbe usedto guidepatient care. Thegathereddataorresearchevidence'sstrengthand qualityaremainlybasedontheresearchdesigntype. Clinicalresearchdesigncomprisesthefollowing3typesof studiessuch as, Case reports and studies, Observationalclinicalresearch,and Experimentalclinicalresearch Contd...

9. In that observational research, the methodology comprises the case-control study, thecohort study, andthe cross-sectional study. ExperimentalclinicalresearchdesignincludesaRandomizedControlledTrial (RCT), which is also called a double-blind, randomized controlled trial when carried outin a double-blind manner. Case reports can be informative at times, but it has some restrictions due to the low strengthof evidence thatthey provide. Contd...

10. Thelowstrengthofevidencewhichisofferedbycasereportsandreadingsgotfrom multipleintrinsiccharacteristicsof such studiescontains Absenceofappropriatecontrols; Restrictedsamplesize(onetoafewindividuals);and Lackof blinding. Allthesefundamentalcharacteristicsbringaboutimportantbiasandrandomerrors. Becauseoftheaboverestrictions,analysisoftheresultsofcasereportsstudiesand examinationoftheir consequencesmust bedonewith greatcaution. Contd...

11. In contrast, in the hierarchy of evidence offered by the above three groups of clinical research design, the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial produce the strongest evidence for the efficiency and safety of a therapeutic modalityor preventive. The strength of evidence is further improved by systematic review and meta- analysisof multiplerandomized controlled trials. Casereportwritingservicesprovidesaclearviewofclinicalresearchand clinicalstudies. Contd...

13. Medical Education The major benefit in the publication of case reports is its essentialrole inmedical education. Regardlessofexperience,whethertheyareafirst-year medicalstudentoranexpertphysician,casereportshave asignificantroleinadvancingclinicalknowledge. Itactsasaversatileteachingtool. It helps in stating two interrelated perspectives, both for patientand physician. Contd...

14. It helps present a coherent story, reflecting the patient’s experience of illness and thephysician’s diagnostic ortherapeutic reasoning. A huge portion of knowing clinical medicine mainly depends on understanding a givensickness and itscomplexity ofpresentations. During their medical education, students have flooded with problem-based learning, clinicalvignettes, etc. Whilethesetoolsaresignificantinbuildingandtestingthebasicsofmedical sciences, unusual cases, or novel treatments presented in case reports allow an additionalexpansive clinical knowledgebase. Contd...

15. At times clinicians and students were trained to evaluate numerous diseases basedon a patternof signs or symptoms. Theevaluationofcasereportsinclinicalliteraturepermitscliniciansand studentsto beaware ofnew ormixed presentationpatterns. Atthesametime,teachingpointsexplainedinacasereportoftenhave noticeablelongevity. Unless there is a huge change in the protocol caused due to diagnostic methods or recent therapeutics, the teaching points from a case report usually has no expirationdate. Contd...

16. Hence,manyphysiciansandprofessorsusepreviouscasesforteachingpurposes.Hence,manyphysiciansandprofessorsusepreviouscasesforteachingpurposes. Finally, it is a standard in which medical students, experienced clinicians and recent graduatesmayrecordobservationsandthoughtsinreachingadiagnosisor explainthe rationalebehind an innovativetreatment.

17. NewScientific Discovery & Role in PatientCare As described above, one of the best features of the case report is it has the facility to report novel findings andbetter-qualitytherapeuticstrategies. Withquick,briefwritingandpublicationrates,case studies are an essential tool for rapidly expanding the growingbodyof clinicalknowledge. An example of this can be found while researching rare diseasesor disorders. Runningcontrolledtrialswithconsistenttesting procedures on rare disorders is very hard, as there are ofteninsufficientpatientstoattainstatisticalpower. Contd...

18. Casestudiespresentavenuetorecordopinionsandpossibletherapeutic interventionsthat can be published. A broad spectrum of data may be accessible in case reports such as unexpected complications,rarediseasesfromnoveldiagnosticortherapeutictechniques, standardtherapy,andconsequences fromnewtechnology,to nameafew. These illustrations simultaneously upgrade clinical knowledge and create a platform forfurther questioningthrough controlled clinicaltrials. Thus,casestudiesalsohaveasignificantroleincreatingnewresearchand hypotheses. Contd...

19. Theculminationofnumerouscasereportsallowsforcomparisonandgenerationof hypothesesfor further testing. Itissignificanttounderstandtheimpactcasereportshavehadonpatientcare. Forexample,casereportsregardingpenicillinandtoxicshocksyndromehavehad enhancedpatient careand directclinical impactafter publication.

20. Conclusion When assessing the significance of the case reports, it is essentialtoremember numerousthings. First,itservesanessentialroleinthefieldofeducation. For example, the various presentations of a given disease explained in a case report function in enhancing clinicians' knowledgeat all levels. Irrespective of the publication date, conclusions drawn from thesestudiescangenerallybereestablishedor reassessed,showingnotrueconclusionforthesearticles. Contd...

21. Additionally, case reports provide a significant foundation for further research throughcomparison andreporting novelclinical phenomena. Thesecomparisonshaveallowedforthought-provokingquestionsthathavedirectly impactedmedical protocols. Writingamedicalcasereportisalongandcomplicatedprocesstogethelpfrom onlineservice providers.

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