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Test Bank for Organic Chemistry 2nd Edition by Hornback

Test Bank for Organic Chemistry, 2nd Edition by Hornback<br><br>Gain insights into reaction mechanisms, molecular structures, and much more with detailed practice questions and solutions tailored for effective study.<br><br>To learn more about how you can access these valuable resources, please reach out to us directly using the methods mentioned in the attached document. We do not support third-party links for distribution. Act now and take the next step towards acing your Organic Chemistry exams!<br><br>

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Test Bank for Organic Chemistry 2nd Edition by Hornback

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  1. smtb98@gmail.com Contact me in order to access the whole complete document. WhatsApp: https://wa.me/message/2H3BV2L5TTSUF1 smtb98@gmail.com Test Items for Hornback’s Organic Chemistry Susan Klein Manchester College Ira Simet University of Northern Iowa Rueben Walter Tarleton State University Stuart Taylor Tarleton State University Edited by Eric J. Kantorowski California Polytechnic State University Email: smtb98@gmail.com Telegram: https://t.me/solumanu I T P® Pacific Grove • Albany • Belmont • Bonn • Boston • Cincinnati • Detroit • Johannesburg • London Madrid • Melbourne • Mexico City • New York • Paris • Singapore • Tokyo • Toronto • Washington An International Thomson Publishing Company

  2. Email: smtb98@gmail.com Telegram: https://t.me/solumanu Contact me in order to access the whole complete document. WhatsApp: https://wa.me/message/2H3BV2L5TTSUF1 CONTENTS Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 A Simple Model for Chemical Bonds ................................................................................................. 1 Organic Compounds: A First Look .................................................................................................. 13 Orbitals and Bonding .......................................................................................................................... 25 The Acid-Base Reaction ....................................................................................................................... 35 Functional Groups and Nomenclature I .......................................................................................... 47 Stereochemistry I: Cis-Trans Isomers and Conformations........................................................... 59 Stereochemistry II: Chiral Molecules ................................................................................................ 69 Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions: Reactions of Alkyl Halides, Alcohols, and Related Compounds ........................................................................................................................................... 81 Elimination Reactions: Reactions of Alkyl Halides, Alcohols, and Related Compounds ...... 97 Synthetic Uses of Substitution and Elimination Reactions: Interconverting Functional Groups .................................................................................................................................................. 109 Additions to Carbon-Carbon Double and Triple Bonds: Reactions of Alkenes and Alkynes ................................................................................................................................................. 123 Functional Groups and Nomenclature II ...................................................................................... 133 Infrared Spectroscopy ........................................................................................................................ 149 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ................................................................................. 159 Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry ......................................................... 169 Benzene and Aromatic Compounds .............................................................................................. 181 Aromatic Substitution Reactions ..................................................................................................... 193 Additions to the Carbonyl Group: Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones .............................. 213 Substitutions at the Carbonyl Group: Reactions of Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives ........................................................................................................................................... 229 Enolate and Other Carbon Nucleophiles ...................................................................................... 243 iii complete document is available on https://solumanu.com/ *** contact me if site not loaded

  3. Pericyclic Reactions ............................................................................................................................ 273 smtb98@gmail.com The Chemistry of Radicals ............................................................................................................... 259 smtb98@gmail.com Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 The Synthesis of Organic Compounds .......................................................................................... 289 Synthetic Polymers ............................................................................................................................ 303 Carbohydrates .................................................................................................................................... 315 Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins ............................................................................................. 331 Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids ....................................................................................................... 345 Other Natural Products .................................................................................................................... 361 iv complete document is available on https://solumanu.com/ *** contact me if site not loaded

  4. Email: smtb98@gmail.com Telegram: https://t.me/solumanu Contact me in order to access the whole complete document. WhatsApp: https://wa.me/message/2H3BV2L5TTSUF1 A Simple Model for Chemical Bonds Multiple Choice 1. Modern organic chemistry a. is the study of carbon-containing compounds. b. is the study of compounds from living organisms. c. deals exclusively with chemicals that are obtainable from natural sources. d. a, b, and c e. a and c ANS: a 2. The basic chemical building block is the a. proton. b. ion. c. atom. d. electron. e. neutron. ANS: c 3. The nucleus of an atom consists of a. protons. b. protons and neutrons. c. electrons, proton, and neutrons. d. protons and electrons. e. neutrons and electrons. ANS: b 4. The atomic nucleus a. is positively charged. b. has no charge (neutral) because of the neutrons. c. is neutral because of the electrons. d. is negatively charged. e. none of the above ANS: a 1 complete document is available on https://solumanu.com/ *** contact me if site not loaded

  5. smtb98@gmail.com 2A Simple Model for Chemical Bonds smtb98@gmail.com 5. The electrons are located a. in the nucleus. b. in orbitals. c. in perfectly circular orbits. d. in and around the nucleus. e. in nodes. ANS: b 6. Valence electrons refer to those a. in the nearest shell. b. which are negative. c. of lowest energy. d. in the outermost shell. e. that are electronegative. ANS: d 7. All atoms of a given element have the same a. number of electrons. b. number of neutrons. c. number of protons. d. mass. e. number of protons and electrons. ANS: c 8. The dots in Lewis structures represent a. all electrons. b. valence electrons. c. the number of protons. d. the charge. e. none of the above ANS: b 9. Which compound(s) is (are) ionic? a. BF3 b. NaNH2 c. Li2CO3 d. a and b e. b and c ANS: e complete document is available on https://solumanu.com/ *** contact me if site not loaded

  6. Chapter 13 10. Which of the following is most stable? a. +CH3 b. CH4 c. CH3 d. CH2 e. CH3 ANS: b 11. Which compound contains ionic bonds? a. NI3 b. CH3COCl c. NaHCO3 d. NH3 e. SiO2 ANS: c 12. Covalent bonding a. involves a transfer of electrons from one atom to another. b. occurs when atoms share all their valence electrons. c. occurs when unpaired valence electrons are shared between atoms. d. usually produces very polar compounds. e. none of these ANS: c 13. Ionic bonding a. occurs when metals are combined with non metals. b. involves a sharing of electrons between metal and non metal. c. occurs when crystals form. d. occurs when the inner core electrons of the metal are transferred to the non metal. e. none of these ANS: a 14. The noble gases do not readily form chemical bonds because a. they are gases. b. they have an even number of protons and electrons. c. they have a filled outer shell of electrons. d. their electrons do not allow bonding with other elements. e. none of these ANS: c

  7. smtb98@gmail.com 4A Simple Model for Chemical Bonds smtb98@gmail.com 15. An element may form an ion a. that has a noble gas electron configuration. b. if the charge is small in relation to its volume. c. if the element is a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal. d. a, b, and c e. b and c ANS: d 16. Which structure could best illustrate the octet rule? a. He b. H2 c. SiH4 d. BH3 e. none of these ANS: c 17. Elements from the same group a. have the same number of neutrons. b. have the same number of valence electrons. c. usually form the same number of bonds. d. occur in horizontal rows. e. b and c ANS: e 18. Which of the following does not exhibit a net dipole moment of zero? a. CO2 b. CH4 c. CCl4 d. H2O e. SO3 ANS: d 19. Which of the following exhibits a net dipole moment? a. SO2 b. CO2 c. O2 d. a and b e. a, b, and c ANS: a Email: smtb98@gmail.com Telegram: https://t.me/solumanu Contact me in order to access the whole complete document. WhatsApp: https://wa.me/message/2H3BV2L5TTSUF1

  8. Chapter 15 20. Which dipole is incorrect? + + + + + C — N a. C — Mg b. O — H c. C — Cl d. Si — Cl e. ANS: b 21. Which compound is polar (has a non zero dipole moment)? H | | H H | Cl | Cl | H — C — C — H | H a. Cl | Cl — C — Cl | Cl — C — C — Cl | Cl c. | | H H b. Cl F | F | Cl — C — Cl | F — C — C — F | F e. | Cl d. F ANS: b 22. Which molecule is nonpolar? a. CH2F2 b. CHF3 c. BF3 d. NH3 e. CO ANS: c 23. What is the formal charge of nitrogen in nitromethane? H | O H — C — N | O H a. –1 b. 0 c. +1 d. +3 e. +5 ANS: c

  9. 24. What are the formal charges of each nitrogen (from left to right)? H | — N N — — smtb98@gmail.com 6A Simple Model for Chemical Bonds smtb98@gmail.com — H — C — N | H a. –1, +1, 0 b. +1, –1, 0 c. 0, +1, –1 d. –1, 0, +1 e. +1, +1, 0 ANS: a 25. Which of the following is not an example of resonance? O | | H O | H O O H C 2 O H C 3 O O O O O a. b. O O | | | S | | O O — — O O — — O S | O c. d. a and b e. a and c ANS: a

  10. Chapter 17 26. Which are resonance structures? H O | | O | — — — — — — N — — and H C b. N H CH H CH H C 2 N N 2 and 3 2 a. O | N O | | N O Cl and H C c. and d. H C 2 O O H Cl H O 2 and e. ANS: c 27. Which is the best Lewis structure for C2H4O? H H O | | C O H | H | H H H — C | C | C | H C C H H O a. H H H H b. c. H | H | H | C C C H H O H H C O | | H d. H e. ANS: c complete document is available on https://solumanu.com/ *** contact me if site not loaded

  11. 28. Which structural isomer of CH3NO is most stable? smtb98@gmail.com 8A Simple Model for Chemical Bonds smtb98@gmail.com O | | C H | H H H N C N — — — — C N O | H O c. H H H H a. b. H | C O H N H O N | H C e. H H d. ANS: b 29. Which geometry of the carbon atom does not match the corresponding structure? O | | C H H H C — — C linear a. — — H N Cl H O Cl tetrahedral c. trigonal planar b. H — — — — — — trigonal planar d. — — O C O O C N linear e. ANS: d 30. Give the geometry for each carbon atom (left to right). O | | H C H C 3 O a. tetrahedral, trigonal planar b. trigonal planar, tetrahedral c. trigonal planar, linear d. tetrahedral, linear e. linear, trigonal planar ANS: a

  12. Chapter 19 31. Predict which species would react with chloride ion, Cl–. a. CH4 b. CH3 c. CH3 d. NH3 e. Br– ANS: c Short Answer 32. Name three differences between organic compounds and inorganic compounds. ANS: Organic—lower melting and boiling points, covalent bonding, molecules. Inorganic—higher melting and boiling points, ionic bonding, crystal lattice network. 33. Define organic chemistry. ANS: The study of the compounds of carbon. 34. What is the historical basis for the term “organic”? ANS: It was observed that certain compounds were produced from living organisms (from biological organs), so it was theorized that this relationship gave these “organic” compounds the ability or “vital force” to give life to biological systems. 35. What elements are represented by Lewis structures which each have four dots? ANS: C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb 36. List the elements least likely to form chemical bonds. ANS: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn 37. Define ionic bonding. ANS: Electrostatic attraction between cation (positive) and anion (negative) which results from the transfer of one or more electrons from the metal (forming a stable cation) to the non metal (forming a stable anion). 38. Define covalent bonding. ANS: Bonded atoms share electrons so that each atom has a full shell, i.e., that of a noble gas. 39. Draw a valid Lewis structure for CH2N2 and show the formal charges on each atom. (Hint: Both H atoms are connected to C, and the N atoms are connected to each other.) ANS: — — N — — C or N N C - — — — – + H H + - + — N H H

  13. 40. Draw a valid Lewis structure for PO4 O–O bonds.) ANS: - O — | smtb98@gmail.com 10A Simple Model for Chemical Bonds smtb98@gmail.com 3– and show the formal charges on each atom. (Hint: There are no O | | - — P O O - 41. Draw a Lewis structure for hydroxylammonium ion: +NH3OH. ANS: + O H — — H — | H 42. Draw a Lewis structure for HNO2 (an oxyacid that is not a peroxide). ANS: N H H | N O O 43. a) Draw a Lewis structure for azide ion: (N3 ANS: N — — — — N - b) Draw another resonance structure for azide ion. ANS: + — — — c) Show the formal charges of each nitrogen in both structures. ANS: — — N — — N - - d) Predict whether the two bonds in azide are the same or different. Explain. ANS: They should be the same, because any structure that makes more bonds on one side can be duplicated on the other side. –) + N - -2 — N N N -2 + + — — — — N N N N

  14. Chapter 111 44. Draw another resonance structure for H | C H H C | | O ANS: H H | C | C H H H C H C | | | O O 45. Draw a resonance structure for O | | C H O ANS: O | | C O | C H O H O 46. All of the N–O bonds in nitrate ion (NO3 ANS: All of the bonds between N and O are equivalent. Each bond is really approximately 1 1/3 bond since there are three resonance structures and each of the N–O bonds is a double bond in one of the three structures. O | | N N –) are identical. Draw structures and explain. O O | | N O O O O O O

  15. 47. Explain the direction and relative sizes of the dipole moments for NH3 (µ =1 46 ANS: In NH3, the dipole moment is toward the more electronegative nitrogen, and toward the lone pair. In NF3 the dipoles of the N–F bonds are directed toward the more electronegative fluorine, and away from the lone pair, so the resultant dipole moment is much smaller and away from the lone pair. smtb98@gmail.com 12A Simple Model for Chemical Bonds smtb98@gmail.com D) and NF3 (µ = 0 24 . . D). + N N H F H H F F + complete document is available on https://solumanu.com/ *** contact me if site not loaded

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