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MACHINE GUARDING

Learn the regulatory requirements (29 CFR 1910, Subpart O) for safeguarding machinery to prevent injury. Discover the types of guards (fixed, adjustable, self-adjustable) and the importance of employee training. Safety is paramount in all operations.

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MACHINE GUARDING

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  1. MACHINE GUARDING 29 CFR 1910.211 to 1910.219

  2. RULE OF THUMB • Any machine part, function, or process that may cause injury must be safeguarded.

  3. REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS • Regulatory requirements found in 29 CFR 1910, Subpart O • Applies to specific types of equipment • Describes general requirements

  4. WHERE MECHANICAL HAZARDS OCCUR • The point of operation • In the power transmission apparatus • Other moving parts

  5. REQUIREMENTS FORSAFEGUARDS • Minimum general requirements include: • Prevent contact • Secure • Protect from falling objects • Create no new hazards • Create no interference

  6. PREVENT CONTACT • The safeguard must prevent hands, arms, and any other part of an operator’s body from making contact with dangerous moving parts. • The safeguarding system should eliminate the possibility of the operator or another worker placing parts of their bodies near hazardous moving parts.

  7. SECURE • Operators should not be able to easily remove or tamper with safeguards • Guards should be made with a durable material that will withstand normal wear and tear. • Guards must be firmly secured to the machine.

  8. PROTECT FROM FALLINGPARTS • Safeguard should ensure that no objects can fall into moving parts. • A small tool dropped into a cycling machine could become a projectile that would strike and injure someone.

  9. CREATE NO NEWHAZARDS • A safeguard defeats its own purpose if it creates new hazards such as a jagged edge or an unfinished surface that could cause a laceration. • The edges of the guard, for example, should be rolled or bolted so that sharp edges are eliminated.

  10. CREATE NOINTERFERENCE • A safeguard that impedes an operator from performing the job quickly and comfortably may be overridden or disregarded. • Proper safeguarding may actually enhance efficiency since it relieves the operator’s apprehensions about the injury.

  11. TYPES OF GUARDS • Fixed • Adjustable • Self-adjustable

  12. FIXED GUARDS • A permanent part of the machine • Not dependant on any other part to perform the function • Usually made of sheet metal, screen bars or other material which will withstand the anticipated impact • Considered the preferred type of guard • Simple and durable

  13. ADJUSTABLE GUARDS • Very flexible to accommodate various types of stock • Manually adjusted

  14. SELF-ADJUSTABLEGUARDS • The opening is determined by the movement of the stock through the guard. • Does not always provide maximum protection.

  15. Bandsaws Circular Saws Grinders Flat fillers Transplanters Soil Mixers Pot fillers Fans PTOs (Power Take Off) MACHINES REQUIRING GUARDING

  16. BANDSAWS

  17. CIRCULAR SAW

  18. GRINDERS

  19. FLAT FILLERS

  20. FLAT FILLERS (CONT.)

  21. TRANSPLANTERS

  22. SOIL MIXERS

  23. POT FILLERS

  24. FANS

  25. POWER TAKE OFF (PTO)SHIELDS/GUARDS • Every component of the PTO should be shielded for maximum protection. • For this reason, engineers have developed four different types of shields: • master shields • stub shaft shields • shaft shields • implement shields.

  26. POWER TAKE OFFSHIELDS/GUARDS (Cont.)

  27. PRECAUTIONS WITH PTO SHIELDS/GUARDS • Never remove PTO shields. • Shield all PTOs completely by installing shaft shields, master shields, and implement shields. • Always replace bent or damaged guards. • Safety decals must be present on the tractor and PTO driven equipment. • Do not perform maintenance on any equipment until the engine is shut off and the PTO and other machinery parts have completely stopped moving.

  28. EXAMPLES OF POWER TAKE OFF GUARDING

  29. WHEN IS EMPLOYEE TRAINING REQUIRED? • For new operators and maintenance or setup personnel • When any new or altered safeguards are put in service • When operators are assigned to a new machine or operation

  30. REQUIREMENTS FOREMPLOYEE TRAINING • Description and identification of hazards associated with particular machines • The safeguards themselves, how they provide protection, and the hazards for which they are intended • How to use the safeguards and why

  31. REQUIREMENTS FOREMPLOYEE TRAINING (Cont.) • How and under what circumstances safeguards can be removed, and by whom (in most cases, repair or maintenance personnel only) • What to do if a safeguard is damaged, missing or unable to provide adequate protection

  32. SUMMARY • Where mechanical hazards occur • Requirements for safeguards • Types of guards • Machines requiring guarding (pictures) • Employee training

  33. REFERENCES FORMORE INFORMATION • http://www.cdc.gov/nasd/menu/topic/machinery_guarding.html • http://ohioline.osu.edu/aex-fact/0994_2.html • http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/machineguarding/index.html#eTools

  34. LET’S SEE WHATYOU’VE LEARNED Quiz time!!!

  35. QUESTION 1 • Mechanical hazards occur at the point of operation, in the power transmission apparatus, and ___________________. • Answer: Mechanical hazards occur at the point of operation, in the power transmission apparatus, and in any other moving parts.

  36. QUESTION 2 • Any moving part on a piece of equipment that could injure an employee should be guarded. True or False • Answer: True. All moving parts that create a hazard should be guarded.

  37. QUESTION 3 • Employees should be trained when new safeguards are put in service. True or False • Answer: True. Employees should be trained when new or altered safeguards are put in service.

  38. QUESTION 4 • The blades of a fan located less than 7 feet from the ground shall be guarded and the guard shall have openings no larger than _______ inch(es). • Answer: The blades of a fan located less than 7 feet from the ground shall be guarded and the guard shall have openings no larger than one-half (1/2) inch.

  39. QUESTION 5 • As long as the guards remain in place, operators should not be trained on machine guarding. True or False • Answer: False. If operators work with equipment containing safeguards, they should be adequately trained on how to use them.

  40. QUESTION 6 • Some guards may not prevent parts of the worker’s body and clothing from making contact with dangerous parts. True or False • Answer: False. All guards must prevent contact.

  41. QUESTION 7 • Fixed guards are a permanent part of the machine. True or False • Answer: True. Fixed guards are a permanent part of the machine and to deter easy removal, a fixed guard must require the aid of an appropriate tool to open, remove, replace, perform maintenance or repair work.

  42. QUESTION 8 • Name one minimum general requirement for safeguards. • Answers • prevent contact • be secure • protect from falling parts • create no new hazards • create no interference

  43. QUESTION 9 • Keep any shielding on PTO’s in place or replace immediately after servicing. True or False • Answer: True. If the removal of a guard is absolutely necessary for maintenance or repair, replace the guard immediately when finished.

  44. QUESTION 10 • List the types of guards common to our industry. • Answer: Fixed, adjustable, and self-adjustable.

  45. THE END

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