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The Industrial Revolution

Explore the pivotal causes behind Britain's Industrial Revolution, from abundant natural resources and labor supply to key inventions and favorable legal and financial conditions. Discover how factors like agricultural revolution, transportation advancements, colonial trade, and proto-industry transformed the economic landscape by driving urbanization and market expansion.

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The Industrial Revolution

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  1. The Industrial Revolution CAUSES:Why Britain? Whythen?

  2. Naturalresources Labour Transport Industrial Revolution Colonialism Proto-Industry Legal – Financial – conditions Political – Inventions

  3. Population Growth • 1700s: Population increasedsteadily • 1800s: Doublingof population every 50 years • Larger number of labour available for industries • Bigger market for consumer goods

  4. 2. Agricultural revolution • Enclosure • Invention of seed drill (JethroTull) • Crop rotation system This led to: • More efficient food production • Cheaper food • More disposable income • Less workers needed in rural areas  Urbanisation

  5. Jethro Tull’sSeed drill

  6. 3. Natural conditions • Plenty of coal and iron available • Natural waterways

  7. 4. Transportation • Large navy • Canals • Railroads

  8. 5. Colonialism • Expansion of trading and economy in general • Empire expands  Access to more natural resources

  9. 6. Legal conditions • No internal tariffs • Patent laws encourage invention

  10. 7. Financial conditions • Effective central bank (1694) • Well-developed credit markets • Plenty of capital

  11. 8. Political conditions • Constitutional monarchy • Relative stability • Economic growth

  12. 9. Proto-industry • Cottage system in textile industry • Division of labour

  13. 10. Major technological advances • ”KnowHow”: inventions and ideas • Spinning Jenny (James Hargreaves) • Steamengine (James Watt) • Steel-making (Henry Bessemer)

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