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Legal Instruments in Recognition of Diplomas

Legal Instruments in Recognition of Diplomas. Lithuanian Researchers’ Mobility Centre 23.10.2007 Vilnius Dr. Carita Blomqvist. Outline. Lisbon Recognition Convention (LRC) Subsidiary texts LRC Committee, ENIC Network Fair recognition Recognition criteria

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Legal Instruments in Recognition of Diplomas

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  1. Legal Instruments in Recognition of Diplomas Lithuanian Researchers’ Mobility Centre 23.10.2007 Vilnius Dr. Carita Blomqvist

  2. Outline • Lisbon Recognition Convention (LRC) • Subsidiary texts • LRC Committee, ENIC Network • Fair recognition • Recognition criteria • Directive 2005/36 on the recognition of professional qualifications • Specific issues

  3. Recognition • Assessment of the place and value of a qualification from one higher education system in the framework of another higher education system • Make it possible to move between education systems without losing value of qualifications

  4. Academic recognition • the recognition of a qualification for the purpose of further study (admission) • credit transfer • main task is to assess whether the applicant is capable of continuing studies in the chosen field of study and at the chosen level • higher education institutions make decisions

  5. Professional recognition • the recognition of a qualification for the purpose of employment in general or in a certain profession • main task is to find out whether the knowledge and professional skills of the applicant meet requirements • de jure - regulated professions • de facto - non-regulated professions Competent bodies make decisions

  6. Lisbon Recognition Convention Council of Europe/UNESCO 1997 • Applicants entitled to fair assessment within reasonable time limit • Uniform/transparent procedures and criteria used in the assessments • Recognize unless substantial difference (partial recognition) • Possibility to appeal • Burden of proof upon the host country

  7. Lisbon Recognition Convention • Recognition decisions are to be made on the basis of appropriate information on the qualifications for which recognition is sought • The body making the assessment is responsible for demonstrating that an application does not fulfill the relevant requirements • A substantial difference must be demonstrated in the case of a refusal

  8. Lisbon Recognition Convention: Information • Recognition decisions shall be made on the basis of appropriate information on the qualifications • The institutions having issued the qualification have a duty to provide relevant information to the applicant/institution/competent authority • National information centre shall facilitate access to information on the higher education system and qualifications

  9. Subsidiary texts /Recommendations • International Access Qualifications 1999 • Criteria and Procedures for the Assessment of Foreign Qualifications 2001 • Code of Good Practice in the Provision of Transnational Education 2001 • Recognition of Joint Degrees 2004 • Joint ENIC/NARIC Charter of Activities and Services 2004 • Explanatory Notes on Completing Diploma Supplements (2007)

  10. Lisbon Recognition Convention Committee • Composed of one representative of each Party to the LRC (45 countries) • Oversees the implementation of the Convention • Right to adoptrecommendations to guide the implementation of the LRC • Information, promotion • Link to the Bologna Process

  11. ENIC Network • European Network of Information Centres on Academic Recognition and Mobility • Established in 1994 by the Council of Europe and UNESCO to develop joint policy and practice for the recognition of qualifications • Cooperation with the NARIC network (National Academic Recognition Information Centres), coordinated by the European Union

  12. Main functions of the national ENIC according to the LRC • Facilitate access to authoritative and accurate information on the national higher education system and qualifications • Facilitate access to information on foreign higher education systems and qualifications • Give advice or information on recognition matters and assessment of qualifications • Promotion of the use of the Diploma Supplement

  13. Working parties • Recognition issues in the Bologna Process • Joint activities with quality assurance network • Europe - USA: Mutual recognition of qualifications • Europe - Russian Federation: Mutual recognition of qualifications • ELCORE - Electronic information • Information strategies • Substantial difference

  14. Information needed for recognition • Entry requirements • Formal duration and workload (credits) • Structure and contents (e.g. thesis included?) • Formal rights (academic/professional) • Function of the program • Placing the program in the education system • LEARNING OUTCOMES

  15. Fair recognition • Full or partial recognition • Judge only value of qualification, not external factors • Less attention to formal structures • More emphasis on learning outcomes: what a person knows and is able to do • No detailed comparison of curricula

  16. Fair recognition • Basic assumption: the existence of a substantial difference is an exception rather than a rule • Is the difference substantial in relation to function and purpose of the qualification? • A difference in formal terms only not sufficient

  17. Recognition criteria - access qualifications (secondary school leaving certificates) • status and rights in the country of origin: does the qualification give access to higher education? • curricula: general, specialised, vocational • nominal duration • subjects, content and amount (workload) • result(s) of studies, examinations, grades; centralized examination(s)? • learning outcomes

  18. Recognition criteria – access qualifications Assessment of institution • a competent authority of home country has approved the institution and curricula • international qualification: is it awarded by an official international organisation

  19. Recognition criteria – higher education qualifications Assessment of institution • type of institution: HEI or (post)-secondary; vocational/professional HEI; private or public, etc • quality assurance/accreditation • status and recognition of institution in home country

  20. Recognition criteria – higher education qualifications • field of study - specialisation • content (subjects), practice (training, apprenticeship), research, graduation requirements • nominal duration, number of credits • access to further studies • professional status/rights in labour market • access requirements (previous education) • learning outcomes

  21. Specific issues • Recognition of qualifications earned through lifelong learning (different learning paths) • Accreditation of prior learning • Recognition of joint degrees • Recognition of transnational education

  22. Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications • More automatic recognition of qualifications • Transposition period ends on Oct 20, 2007 • Access in the host Member State to the same profession as that for which the migrant is qualified in the home Member State

  23. Directive 2005/36/EC on the recognition of professional qualifications • Professional qualifications are grouped under five levels: recognize if the qualification attests a level of professional qualification at least equivalent to the level immediately prior to that which is required in the host Member State • Compensation measures: - adaptation period and aptitude test

  24. Further information • www.enic-naric.net • www.conventions.coe.int • http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/qualifications

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