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Plants’ Essential Elements

Plants’ Essential Elements. Macro and Micronutrients. MACRO-required in relatively large amounts. MICRO-required in small amounts, minor or trace elements. Nutrients. Macro: non-mineral elements. Carbon (C) Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O). Macro: primary nutrients. Nitrogen (N) Phosphorus (P)

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Plants’ Essential Elements

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  1. Plants’ Essential Elements Macro and Micronutrients

  2. MACRO-required in relatively large amounts MICRO-required in small amounts, minor or trace elements Nutrients

  3. Macro: non-mineral elements • Carbon (C) • Hydrogen (H) • Oxygen (O)

  4. Macro: primary nutrients • Nitrogen (N) • Phosphorus (P) • Potassium (K)

  5. Macro: secondary nutrients • Calcium (Ca) • Magnesium (Mg) • Sulfur (S)

  6. Micronutrients • Iron (Fe) • Copper (Cu) • Zinc (Zn) • Boron (B) • Molybdenum (Mo) • Manganese (Mn) • Chlorine (Cl)

  7. Nitrogen • Promotes growth of leaves and stems • Gives dark green color and improves quality of foliage • Necessary to develop cell proteins and chlorophyll

  8. Nitrogen • Deficiency noted when leaves are a sick, yellow-green color • Short stems, small leaves, pale colored leaves and flowers • Slow and dwarfed plant growth

  9. Phosphorus • Stimulates early formation and growth of roots • Provides fast and vigorous growth and speeds maturity • Stimulates flowering and seed development

  10. Phosphorus • Symptoms of deficiency include slow maturity • Older leaves are a purplish color • Decrease in growth

  11. Potassium • Used to form carbohydrates and proteins • Formation and transfer of starches, sugars, and oils • Increases disease resistance, vigor, and hardiness

  12. Potassium • Deficiency symptoms include mottled, spotted, streaked or curled leaves • Scorched, burned, dead leaf tips and margins

  13. Calcium • Improves plant vigor • Influences intake and synthesis of other plant nutrients • Important part of cell walls

  14. Calcium • Symptoms of deficiency include small developing leaves, wrinkled older leaves • Dead stem tips

  15. Magnesium • Influences the intake of other essential nutrients • Helps make fats • Assists in translocation of phosphorus and fats

  16. Magnesium • Deficiency symptoms include interveinal chlorosis-yellowing of leaves between green veins • Leaf tips curl or cup upward • Slender, weak stems

  17. Sulfur • Promotes root growth and vigorous vegetative growth • Essential to protein formation

  18. Sulfur • Deficiency symptoms include young leaves are light green with lighter colored veins • Yellow leaves and stunted growth

  19. Iron • Essential for chlorophyll production • Helps carry electrons to mix oxygen with other elements

  20. Iron • Deficiency symptoms include mottled and interveinal chlorosis in young leaves • Stunted growth and slender, short stems

  21. Copper • Helps in the use of iron • Helps respiration

  22. Copper • Deficiency symptoms include young leaves are small and permanently wilted • Multiple bud at stem tips

  23. Zinc • Helps plant metabolism function • Helps form growth hormones • Aids in reproduction

  24. Zinc • Deficiency includes retarded growth between nodes (rosetted) • New leaves are thick and small • Spotted between veins, discolored veins

  25. Boron • Affects water absorption by roots • Translocation of sugars

  26. Boron • Deficiency symptoms include short, thick stem tips • Young leaves of terminal buds are light green at base • Leaves become twisted and die

  27. Manganese • Aids in plant metabolism • Helps in nitrogen transformation

  28. Manganese • Deficiency symptoms include interveinal chlorosis • Young leaves die

  29. Molybdenum • Aids in plant development • Reproduction

  30. Molybdenum • Deficiency symptoms include stunted growth • Yellow leaves, upward curling leaves • Leaf margin burn

  31. Chlorine • Essential to some plant processes • Acts in enzyme systems

  32. Chlorine • Usually there are more problems with too much chlorine or toxicity than with deficiency

  33. Macro and Micro Nutrients • Remember: • C Ca Fe HOPKiNS Managed By My Cuzin MoCo ClZn

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