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Impact Investing and Health. Agenda. I. A bit about me, a bit about you. II. Understanding and navigating the alphabet soup. III. Increasingly diverse set of allies – an illustration. IV. How to get started. V. Your questions (and maybe even some answers). Introductions.
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Agenda I. A bit about me, a bit about you II. Understanding and navigating the alphabet soup III. Increasingly diverse set of allies – an illustration IV. How to get started V. Your questions (and maybe even some answers)
Introductions • Me/Imprint – why am I here? • You – why are you here?
Navigating the Alphabet Soup Sustainable investing Ethical investing Values investing Environment, social and governance (ESG) Mission-related investing Program related investing Social venture investing Mission investing Double/triple bottom line Venture philanthropy Blended value Socially responsible investing (SRI): “Investments designed to avoid or mitigate negative social and environmental impacts” Impact investing: “Investment activity designed to have a positive impact on social or environmental issues”
Sifting through the diversity Why: Motivations What: Priority issues Basic taxonomy of approaches
RANGE OF SEGMENTS • Healthcare delivery • IT and admin • Supplying care (drugs, devices & diagnostics) • Organizing and optimizing care HEALTH CARE • Food and nutrition • Fitness • Wellcare WELLNESS • Family economic security • Community infrastructure • Environmental health SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH Air Quality Green Products Green Built Environment Workplace Safety Career Ladders Transit-Oriented Development HEALTH CARE Childcare Small Business Support Public Transportation WELLNESS Safe Sidewalks & Trails Inclusive Insurance Access to Financial Services Community Facilities Affordable Housing Social Services FAMILY ECONOMIC SECURITY COMMUNITY INFRASTRUCTURE
WELLNESS FOOD & NUTRITION FITNESS School Food School PhysEd Baby Foods Play-space Urban Farming Fitness & Recreation Centers Local Food Infrastructure HEALTH CARE Community Groceries Exer-gaming Mobile Fitness Apps Mobile Food Apps Employer Wellness Programs Virtual Coaching Peer Groups Remote Monitoring Direct-to-Patient Outreach Health Media “WELLCARE”
HEALTHCARE Billing & Payment Low-Cost D,D&D Simulations & Gaming Scheduling & Back-Office Mobile Diagnostics DRUGS, DEVICES & DIAGNOSTICS EMRs HIEs IT & ADMIN Drug Compliance & Delivery Healthcare Workforce Dental Care FQHCs & Safety Net Clinics Workforce Optimization DELIVERY OF CARE ORGANIZING & OPTIMIZING Self-Health Hospitals & Med Centers Resource Allocation Specialty Clinics Mobile Vans Decision-Support Home Care Risk & Data Analysis Retail Clinics Kiosks Case & Care Management Telemedicine
Impact on Risk & Return? There is significant theology on both sides of this question • Positive • Environmental & social drivers are material to business • Growing market opportunities (e.g. Clean Tech) • Can reduce risk (see BP) and is a sign of strong management • Negative • A limited universe intrinsically reduces return expectations • New field and managers equals more risk • You cannot effectively manage to multiple bottom lines
Mix of approaches Enterprise Community Engagement
Portfolio example Enterprise Community Engagement
Allies – conventional and otherwise • Other people in this room! • Community foundations • Strategics/corporates • Jobs and community oriented funders
Healthcare as employment engine: by the numbers Why healthcare? ‘Cause that’s where the jobs are… Today: 16.8M jobs, in784k companies 2020: +5.7M jobs (half from growth, half age-out replacement) Growth segments: ACO’s, managed care, home health, residential Size of growth: 1.3M home aides, .5M orderlies & clerks, .7M nurses Median wages: $20-30k / year; nurses $65k / year
Three tiers of healthcare business models:Seeking non-fungibility of labor Better jobs = better health = better business +1 Neutral models 0 Negative models – abusive to labor -1
Business models as driver of health (or not!) Cost Good Jobs Profit Quality
Now that they’re sorted, what to do? Investing approaches by tier Better jobs = better health = better business Develop and scale aligned models for direct impact and demonstration Build market share - Support broader transition to aligned models +1 Neutral models Develop clearer ways to identify better practitioners Build business case for better practice Develop levers to support better practice 0 Abusive models Avoid –screen out Shine spotlight on negative practice Identify “better” version of presumed abusive models -1
Where/how people get stuck • Actively stuck: Stakeholder divergence • “Theology” of returns for SRI [negligible financial impact] • Concern about competing with grant-making • Questions about deal flow • Passively stuck • Overwhelmed/challenge identifying entry point • Question of “how” – sourcing, execution and management
Learnings and observations • Diversity of ways to use investments to drive impact • Context matters – your organization and your goals should drive many of the tools and approaches • Be proactive in the marketplace – drives good practice and multiple returns • Use or build your strengths – knowledge, networks and capacity you have or want to build • Seek, manage and measure what matters – thesis driven approach • Don’t create disincentives • Importance of internal leadership • Action learning – avoid abstract debates • Be smart about leveraging partners – intermediaries, peer organizations and other allies What to do How you do it How you get started
Creating a program: Getting to an investment policy statement Mission Objectives Financial Parameters Context Investment Policy • Identify target areas and role of investment capital – key impact driver? Complement philanthropy? Support interests more broadly? • Integrate with financial management – current assets, anticipated expenditures/inflows, liquidity needs, and risk tolerances • Determine the level and nature of involvement of various stakeholders; interests, biases, priorities and concerns • Objectives • Allocations (targets and bands/limits) • Investment process • Decision-making and governance • Financial and mission reporting
Observations The context drives the right approach – there is no one size fits all approach Thoughtful, deliberate execution is critical to success of any mission investing program Finding a clear entry point is critical – you can’t answer all of the questions on the drawing board Leveraging/intersecting with existing strong processes can be important Investing is investing – it is difficult to do well and takes discipline and care