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Water at Stake: Connectivity between Science, Policy, and Local Communities in S&SE Asia

This presentation explores the intricate connection between water, science, policy, and local communities in Southeast and South Asia. It includes examples from Vietnam, Cambodia, and India to highlight the challenges and opportunities in managing water resources sustainably. The presentation emphasizes the need for multi-stakeholder engagement and the integration of scientific research into policy-making processes.

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Water at Stake: Connectivity between Science, Policy, and Local Communities in S&SE Asia

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  1. Water at stake - the connectivity between science, policy and local communities/stakeholders with examples from S & SE Asia Per Stålnacke Bioforsk – Norway with contributions from N. Vagstad, US. Nagothu and J. Deelstra (all Bioforsk)

  2. Outline • Part 1: Short about global drivers • Part 2: Examples from a river basin in Vietnam&Cambodia • Part 3: Examples from 2 projects in India -> concludingremarks

  3. Food, Water and Energy3 fundamental drivers in the furure 9,2 6,2 1 kg of meat -> 15000 liters of water

  4. Water consumption at global scale • Agriculture account for 69%, 21 % for industry, 10% domestic/houshold usage. Water usage and food production (Falkenmark, Lundqvist)

  5. Part 1: the Sesan : a Mekong tributary • 1500 fish species in Mekong • Fish the dominant protein source • Rice production and ’river-bank gardening’ • Hydropowerdevelopment • CC • Little environmental data Dag Berge M. Tiodolf P. Stålnacke

  6. Sesan River (before and after 1998) Before 1998 Existing or planned HPs

  7. According to NGOs: large local impacts in Cambodia due to hydropowerer • No financial compensation of lost ’livelihood’ • Worsened water quality and health problems (respiratoric and skin) • 55,000 people affected • 50 deaths due to sudden flooding (release of water from HP dams) Photo: M. Tiodolf

  8. According to official sources: ‘a year-long study of monthly water from the Sesan river showed that it was safe.’ Long Saravuth, Cambodian Ministry of Water Resources (The Cambodia Daily, Apr. 11, 2006).

  9. Scientific monitoring of WQ and toxic algae (March 2008; M.Sc M.Tiodolf) Photo: P. Stålnacke, M. Tiodolf

  10. Interviews with local communities along the river Photos: P. Stålnacke

  11. 3 ’stakeholders’ meetings First one in Vietnam in 2006 3rd one in December 2008 in Laos Foto: A. Rieu-Clarke

  12. Sesan part of the STRIVER project • One of the eight ‘twinning’ projects funded by DG RES • STRIVER (2006-2009) • Jointly coordinated by Bioforsk and NIVA www.striver.no

  13. Communication tools with non-experts www.striver.no

  14. Part 3: ClimaRice and ClimaWater projects in India (funded my Norwegian MFA/Royal Norwegian Embassy) • CLIMAWATER – • Climate change impacts on river basins in semi-arid areas in India: Mitigation and adaptation measures to address current and future challenges (2009-2012), • Should contribute to the national policy on IWRM attempts and 20% increase in WUE (National Water Mission in India)

  15. Water quality and quantity BOD trend from SPCB (Stålnacke et al. 2010) Water measurement at farmer field (R.V. Pedersen) Water quality monitoring (K. Reddy) Water measurement at a lift irrigation scheme (R.V. Pedersen)

  16. Socio-economic questionnaire CC impact modelling

  17. Vulnerability index for Godavari River Basin (Palanisami et al., 2011)

  18. Climate change and persistent Droughts: Impacts, Vulnerability and adaptation strategies for rice growing sub-basins of India Dr. V. Geethalakshami & Dr. A. Lakshmanan Agro Climate Research Centre Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore, TN, India www.tnau.ac.in Udaya Sekhar Nagothu (The Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research) www.bioforsk.no H. Annamalai IPRC/SOEST University of Hawaii, USA

  19. Changing the system of rice cultivation Rainfall : 871 mm ET : 709 mm PET : 1828 mm 21 Number of Irrigations given 28 1220 Quantum of water used 920 - 0 - Saving of irrigation water 300 Source: V. Geethalakshami & A.Lakshmanan

  20. Scenario Development Meeting with local communities Focus Group Meeting Growing of rice under growth chamber with modified temperature

  21. Summary / statements • Integrated RTD projects like STRIVER, ClimaRice and ClimaWater can act as an independent facilitator and neutral platform for ‘fueling’ up the start of the IWRM-process • Independent data (environmental) and natural scientific fact and figures is very crucial (but need to be coupled to socio-economical context) • ”Stakeholder”- participation from the onset is a critical element in IWRM in order for research to be relevant and trustworthy. • Scientific tools must be developed together with the users • Scientific results must be transfered to easily read reports (’Briefs’) for maximal uptake -> but no appreciation of this within the scientific community Foto: Per Stålnacke

  22. Thank you for your attention! This presentation was based on 3 books: • Gooch, Rieu-Clarke and Stålnacke, 2010 • Gooch and Stålnacke, 2010 • Nagothu et al, 2011

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