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Introducing and Implementing Anti-corruption Monitoring System in Bulgaria and in the SEE region

Introducing and Implementing Anti-corruption Monitoring System in Bulgaria and in the SEE region International Conference “Cooperation of the National Parliaments and Independent Regulatory Bodies in SEE”. Building Bridges between Scholars and Policy Makers . Founded in late 1989

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Introducing and Implementing Anti-corruption Monitoring System in Bulgaria and in the SEE region

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  1. Introducing and Implementing Anti-corruption Monitoring System in Bulgaria and in the SEE region International Conference “Cooperation of the National Parliaments and Independent Regulatory Bodies in SEE”

  2. Building Bridges between Scholars and Policy Makers • Founded in late 1989 • Interdisciplinary public policy institute • Not-for-profit organization • Think-and-action-thank • Mainly international funding • Departments: • Economic Program • Law Program • European Program • Sociological Program

  3. Selected Key Topics • Informal Economy • Anti-Corruption • Civil Society Capacity Building • Judicial Reform and Criminal Justice • Organized Crime, Crime and Policing • Fundamental Human Rights • Competitiveness and Business Environment • Energy Security • EU and NATO Integration • Migration and Integration • Social assessment and monitoring

  4. Cooperation dimensions • Activities: • Round tables / Conferences / Forums • Press conferences / press releases • Policy briefs • Publications (SCD Analyses, CSD Reports, books …) • Social media campaigns

  5. Cooperation dimensions (2) • Cooperation: • National Assembly • Ministries • Regulatory bodies • International / EU institutions

  6. CSD Corruption Monitoring System (CMS) • Introduced in July 1998 • Based on quantitative surveys and qualitative studies • Corruption assessment indexes on: • Attitudes towards corruption; • Corrupt practices; • Assessments of the scope of corruption; • Corruption-related expectations; • CMS Survey Methodology • National Representative Surveys of the Population (S1) • Quantitative Survey of Public Officials (S2) • Focus Group Discussions (S3, S4) • In-Depth Interviews with Policy Makers (S5) • Media Monitoring (S6)

  7. Coalition 2000 • Major anti-corruption initiative in Bulgaria since 1998 • Main aim: enhancement of public intolerance towards corruption and practical implementation of mechanisms which lead to greater transparency, trust, and integrity. • Instruments: • Developing an Anti-Corruption Action Plan for Bulgaria (AP) • Conducting an Anti-Corruption Awareness Campaign • Implementing the Corruption Monitoring System, based on regularly conducted empirical studies

  8. First steps • Policy Forum (1998) endorsed an Anti-Corruption Action Plan. “The Bulgarian anti-corruption plan is the most comprehensive and ambitious document of its kind.” (George Soros) • Integrating new partners: • CSO • Major national trade union organizations • State institutions • Clean Future Awareness Campaign: • Small Grants Program for NGOs • Anticorruption instruments and practices • Promotion materials

  9. Building Ombudsman institution in Bulgaria • Researching and analyzing existing legal framework and the functioning of the ombudsman institution • Developing a concept on the basis of the analysis, taking into account the existing needs and public attitudes, and political, legal and constitutional realities in Bulgaria • Drafting the Law on the People’s Defender (Law on Ombudsman) • Organizing working meetings, public discussions and consultations with Bulgarian and foreign experts, ambassadors, politicians, citizens, representatives of NGOs

  10. International activities • Active cooperation with: • Council of Europe, United Nations Development Program, World Bank, European Union, OECD • Exchanging experience internationally • Improving the interaction with other initiatives on a regional and international level: • Joined the Anti-corruption Network in Transition Economies (OECD) • Hosted thee Balkan Forum 2000 (OECD) • Together with the International Legal Development Institute (Italy) introduced and implemented the Southeast Europe Legal Development Initiative (SELDI)

  11. Trends in corruption behaviour of citizens (general population) Activities Giving of money, favors or gifts in the last year by citizens. Asking for money gifts or favours. Hints that “something” is expected. Involvement Pressure Acceptance Susceptibility Prerequsites Acceptance (as right) of the integrity standards for civil servants. Readiness to give or accept money, gifts or favours.

  12. Involvement in corruption transactions (last 3 months) Relative share of people who have contacted the administration involved in corruption transactions (last 3 months) Base: respondents who have contacted the administration (N=481)

  13. Involvement in corruption transactions (general population, average % per month) Base: all respondents (2010, N=1004)

  14. Corruption pressure (last year) Officer showed directly or indirectly that money, favours or gifts are expected Base: People who contacted the administration (N=481)

  15. Index of corruption pressure (1998-2010, min = 0, max = 10)

  16. Business sector:Involvement in corruption transactions (last 3 months) Relative share of people who have contacted the administration and have been involved in corruption transactions (last 3 months) Average per month: 5.43% Base: companies which have contacted the administration (N=246, 61.3%)

  17. Indexes of the level of corruption. Business sector(min=0, max =10)

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