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Exploring Genetic Inheritance: Mendel's Laws and Alleles

Delve into the fascinating world of genetics with an explanation of Mendel's Laws of Segregation and Independent Assortment. Learn about dominant and recessive alleles, genotypes, phenotypes, and the concepts of homozygous and heterozygous traits. Understand codominance and incomplete dominance in genetic inheritance.

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Exploring Genetic Inheritance: Mendel's Laws and Alleles

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  1. Genetics

  2. Genetics Key Terms • Genetics- is the study of heredity. • Heredity- is the passing of traits from parents to offspring. • Trait- a characteristic like hair color or eye color.

  3. Genetics Key Terms • Mendel- the father of genetics. • Mendel’s Law of Segregation- The two members of a gene pair (alleles) segregate (separate) from each other in the formation of gametes. 

  4. Genetics Key Terms • Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment- When two or more characteristics are inherited individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together.

  5. Genetics Key Terms • Dominant Allele- the trait that is expressed or seen. Dominant alleles are represented by a capital letter.

  6. Genetics • Recessive Allele- the trait that is covered up or masked. • Recessive traits are represented by a lower case letter.

  7. Genetics Key Terms • Genotype- the organism’s genetic make up. • Phenotype- an organism’s physical appearance.

  8. Genetics Key Terms • Homozygous- when both alleles of a pair are alike. (Ex. TT or tt) • Heterozygous- when the two alleles in the pair are different. (Ex. Tt)

  9. Genetics Key Terms • Codominance- when two different alleles are fully expressed in a heterozygous individual. • Incomplete Dominance- when both alleles are partially expressed resulting in a new phenotype.

  10. Genetics • Offspring receive one allele for a trait from each parent. Complete Dragon Genetics.

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