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ECOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF JATROPHA PLANTATIONS- A CASE STUDY FROM SOUTH INDIA

World's energy demand. primary energy demand -11,400 million tones of oil equivalent(M toe) per year(IEA, 2007)10 percent of this total energy supply- organic mass and residuesFor self sustenance and to meet the increasing energy demand- alternative energy sources. Importance of Biofuels. Biofu

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ECOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF JATROPHA PLANTATIONS- A CASE STUDY FROM SOUTH INDIA

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    1. Lakshmi G., Prof N. H. Ravindranath and Malini Nair ECOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF JATROPHA PLANTATIONS- A CASE STUDY FROM SOUTH INDIA

    2. World’s energy demand primary energy demand -11,400 million tones of oil equivalent(M toe) per year(IEA, 2007) 10 percent of this total energy supply- organic mass and residues For self sustenance and to meet the increasing energy demand- alternative energy sources

    3. Importance of Biofuels Biofuels- a sustainable option because Reduces pressure on fossil fuels Reduces the pollution caused due to mineral fuels Reduces greenhouse emissions

    4. Percentage of change in emissions using biodiesel

    5. Jatropha curcas- a biodiesel source Drought resistant TBO in tropics A tall shrub belonging to Euphorbiaceae Can survive in marginal soils Introduction- Portuguese( Aponte, 1978) Flowers- Cymose inflorescence Fruits- ovoid-Green to yellow

    6. Worldwide Distribution of Jatropha curcas

    7. Jatropha curcas- different parts

    8. Toxicology of the plant HCN- Leaves, flowers and nuts Curcin- Seeds, Fruits and sap(Joubert et al., 1984)

    9. Uses of the plant

    10. Ecological Significance Taproot-stabilizes soil, shallow roots-prevent soil erosion, mycorrhizal association- help to get phosphate from soil Branches- manure Molluscicidal property- natural defence mechanism Fencing- natural protection to other crops

    11. Cropping patterns Monocropping Intercropping Block plantations Bund plantations

    12. Case Study Background- Implementation as a part of Biofuel programme Areas Andhra Pradesh- Kadappa, Nellore, Ananthpur Tamil Nadu-Tirupur, Coimbatore

    13. Methodology Sample size-82 in Andhra,31 in Tamil Nadu Field visits to evaluate the performance of plants

    14. Observations In most fields, Monocropping Intercropping in few fields - Tamil Nadu- intercropped with Coconut In all types of soil, the performance was poor Water scarcity- important factor Inputs- had no significant effect Pest attack- mealy bug

    15. Results and discussion

    18. Fields with Jatropha crops in Andhra Pradesh

    19. Jatropha plantation at Agriculture Research Station, Andhra Pradesh

    20. Pest attacks found in the field

    21. Results Jatropha could not perform ecologically in a satisfactory manner The crop could not survive well in different soil types Pest attacks- very severe- mealy bug has devastating effect Yield of the plants- very poor Ecology and Physiology of the plant- Not well studied

    22. Conclusion More research- on physiology and genetic property of the plant More experiments should be carried out to find the optimum survival conditions

    23. References Aponte, Hernandez, C., 1978. Estudio de Jatropha curcas L. como recurso biotic. M Sc Dissertation,University of Veracruz, Xalapa- Enriquez, Veracruz, Mexico. IEA, 2007. World Energy Outlook, International Energy Agency, Paris Joubert, P.H., Brown, M.M., Hay, I.T. and Sebata, D.B., 1984. Acute poisoning with Jatropha curcas(purging nut tree) in children. South African Medical Journal 65:729-730 Morton, J.F., 1977. Major Medicinal plants. C.C.Thomas, Springfield, IL

    24. Questions???

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