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SUTRA [ S ustainable U rban TRA nsportation ]

ARPAL. Municipality of Genoa. Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development. SUTRA [ S ustainable U rban TRA nsportation ]. Final Meeting and Project Review June 24 th 2003, Gdansk. THE GENOA CASE HISTORY.

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SUTRA [ S ustainable U rban TRA nsportation ]

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  1. ARPAL Municipality of Genoa Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] Final Meeting and Project Review June 24th 2003, Gdansk THE GENOA CASE HISTORY

  2. Genoa lies in an extremely narrow, 30 km long coastal plain - highly dense urban territory City centre: 276.278 inhabitants 28 km2 Area Urban Territory: 603.896 inhabitants 239 km2 Area

  3. TGenoa transport system - main characteristics Private Transport 1402 km of streets network car 340.000 motorcycle 95.000 Taxi 869 Bus 916 LDV 35.000 Highways (2002) : 75.058.628 vehicles in/out at the local (7) gates Modal share (6:30 a.m. - 9:30 a.m): • Motocycles 15,1 % • Cars 38,4 % • Public Transport – railway 4,1 % • Public Transport – road 42,4 % Public Transport 154 million passengers in 2002 32 million Km covered 785 Km bus network 123 lines 2.462 stops

  4. ARPAL SUTRA DOMAIN Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] VISUM: BASELINE SCENARIO Municipal Network Private network • 278 nodes; • 668 links; • 72 O/D zones. (+ 9 external centroids) • Public network • 52 PT lines; • 390 stops; • 72 O/D zones. Provincial Network

  5. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history 1. 24-hours simulations Few remarks about the 24-hours simulation “24-hour” Private O/D matrix: derived from two peak-hours matrices (6:30-9:00 a.m. and5:00- 8:00 p.m.) and adapted on the base of reliable traffic flow daily profile: 24-hr Pr O/D matrix = 3,30 * AM-peak-hour + 3.15 * PM-peak-hour “24-hour” Public O/D matrix: data not so precise as in previous case, (as suggestedby Public Transport Agency), the two peak-hours matrices (6:30-9:00 a.m.; 5:00-8:00 p.m.) added andresult multiplied by a factor 4: 24-hr Public O/D matrix = (AM-peak-hour + PM-peak-hour)*4

  6. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history • VISUM: Assignment and calibration 1. 24-hours simulations 2. VISUM Assignment Baseline Indicators – 24-hours assignment

  7. Italian fleet composition (MEET) – yr 2000 Data available on Genoa, yr 2000 Genoa case Gasoline Passenger Cars (...) Gasoline Pc 55.45% 1986-1991 (ECE 15-04) cc<1.41 27.3 1.41<cc<2.01 7.62 Diesel Pc 5.20% GPL and Natural gas Pc 1.02% cc>2.01 0.26 ARPAL (...) Gasoline LDV 0.93% 2006-2010 (EURO4) cc<1.41 0 Diesel LDV 2.53% 1.41<cc<2.01 0 HDV 0.27% Bus 0.27% cc>2.01 0 Coaches 0.27% (...) 1972-1977 (ECE 15-00/01) cc<1.41 Motorcycles 34.05% New Technologies 1.41<cc<2.01 Electric Vehicles Passengers N/D cc>2.01 New Technologies 0.00% LDV N/D cc<1.41 Passengers N/D 2006-2010 (EURO4) 1.41<cc<2.01 LDV N/D cc>2.01 Fuel Cell Vehicles Passengers N/D LDV N/D Passengers Urban Bus N/D Electric Vehicles LDV Passengers Hybrid Electric Vehicles LDV Passengers Fuel Cell Vehicles LDV Urban Bus Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history • TREM simulations 1. 24-hours simulations 2. VISUM Assignment 3. TREM simulations Thanks to additional data provided by UAV and from Genoa case specific data, it was possible to UPDATE vehicular fleet for the baseline scenario

  8. Genoa – Baseline scenario (CO emissions)

  9. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history TREM: result analysis 1. 24-hours simulations 2. VISUM Assignment 3. TREM simulations “Validation” of the TREM results: spatially disaggregated traffic emission through a comparison with “CORINAIR” emission coefficient: spatially aggregated (top-down approach) traffic emission Use of averaged emission coefficients developed by ANPA (Italian national Environmental Protection Agency) for typical Italian urban driving cycles. Comparison at “elementary data”: • Selected vehicle class (e.g., pre-ECE, <1.4 l) • Selected emission (e.g., “hot”, “cold”)

  10. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history TREM: result analysis 1. 24-hours simulations 2. VISUM Assignment 3. TREM simulations SUTRA provided spatial disaggregation and increased accuracy compared with previously developed emission factor data sets

  11. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history ISC: result analysis 1. 24-hours simulations 2. VISUM Assignment 3. TREM simulations 4. ISC simulations CO (traffic related, chemically inert) Validation of dispersion model results with available measurements Position of measuring stations compared to concentration maps from city level models

  12. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history ISC: result analysis 1. 24-hours simulations 2. VISUM Assignment 3. TREM simulations 4. ISC simulations

  13. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history Analysis of behaviours of Lisbon and Genoa facing Common Scenarios Lisbon Implementation on two strongly different urban shape and texture of the same future scanarios: Genoa

  14. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history Transportation system response to CSs: 1) Variation in time spent to cover a kilometer • In conditions of traffic congestion • In traffic Jams - Total The “linear” town reacts in a more rigid way to exogenous pushes than the distributed town, this reflects in time spent to cover a km of network 2) Ratio between Lisbon and Genoa

  15. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history Traffic emissions forecasted in CSs: Emission indicators have similar behaviour to transportation indicators, with specific patterns according to single pollutants Lisbon CO Genoa Lisbon Pm Genoa Lisbon CO2 Genoa Lisbon SO2 Genoa Lisbon NOx Genoa Lisbon VOC Genoa

  16. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history Dispersion modeling in the two cities: City scale dispersion models: Concentration map for CO on the whole urban area of Genoa

  17. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history Dispersion modeling in the two cities: Urban Canyon models Dispersion 3-D map on the Lisbon Hot Spot

  18. ARPAL Lisbon NOx Genoa Lisbon CO Genoa Lisbon Pm10 Genoa Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history Concentration of pollutants in CSs: Already compromised areas (Hot Spot) suffer dramatically strong variations in emission levels in their peak values Average concentrations are not directly comparable to measured data and usually underestimated

  19. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history ISC: result analysis 1. 24-hours simulations 2. VISUM Assignment 3. TREM simulations 4. ISC simulations

  20. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history Geometry of the AQ stations network is projected to measure hot spot data, therefore city level averages are generally underestimated • Next refining will be analysis of values in a smaller monitored area Concentration of pollutants in CSs:

  21. ARPAL Fifth framework programme of the European Community Environment and sustainable development SUTRA [ Sustainable Urban TRAnsportation ] The Genoa case history • Conclusion and Outlook: • SUTRA has offered a unique opportunity to: • develop, calibrate and validate an “integrated transport & impact assessment modelling suite”; • compare the obtained results with previous experiences; • investigate future and city specific scenarios. • A particolar attention has been done to “put and keep the results in context”, being both Genoa partner (Municipal Transport Office and Regional Environmental Agency) local operative Authorities • Among the maintrade-offs of the SUTRA project: • implementation of an operative transport model (that became the local standard); • synergy bewteen transport and environmental Authorities, as well as other UE partners; • disaggregation and detailed studies of local “hot-spot” for the main transport related pollutants ( recent EU “air quality” directives) 1. 24-hours simulations 2. VISUM Assignment 3. TREM simulations 4. ISC simulations 5. VADIS simulations 6. Scenario analysis 7. Conclusions & Outlook

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