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Network Types: LAN, MAN, WAN & More

Explore Local Area Networks (LAN), Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), Wide Area Networks (WAN), and Internet connections. Learn about network topologies, Enterprise-Wide Topologies, and Logical Topologies. Understand Network Architecture and protocols.

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Network Types: LAN, MAN, WAN & More

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  1. Computer Networkspart II

  2. Network Types Defined • Local area networks • Metropolitan area networks • Wide area networks

  3. Local Area Network (LAN) • Series of interconnected computers, printing devices, and other computer equipment that share hardware and software resources • Service area usually limited to a given office area, floor, or building

  4. Example of a LAN

  5. Metropolitan Area Network • Links multiple LANs in a large city or metropolitan region • Typically uses fiber-optic connections

  6. Example of a MAN

  7. Wide Area Network (WAN) • Far-reaching system of networks that usually extends over 30 miles and often reaches across states and continents

  8. Types of Networks Internet A wide area network that spans the planet So, who owns the Internet?

  9. Internet Connections Internet backbone A set of high-speed networks that carry Internet traffic, provided by companies such as AT&T, Verizon, GTE, British Telecom, and IBM Internet service provider(ISP) A company that provides other companies or individuals with access to the Internet

  10. Identifying a Network Type • Communications medium • Wire cable, fiber-optic cable, radio waves, microwaves • Protocol • How networked data is formatted into discrete units • How each unit is transmitted and interpreted • Topology • Physical layout of cable and logical path • Network type • Private versus public

  11. Enterprise Network • Enterprise network • Combination of LANs, MANs, or WANs that provides users with an array of computer and network resources to complete different tasks

  12. Enterprise Network

  13. Enterprise-Wide Topologies • Enterprise • An entire organization • Backbone networks • Serial backbone • Distributed backbone • Collapsed backbone • Parallel backbone

  14. Enterprise-Wide Topologies Serial backbone Two or more hubs connected to each other by a single cable Distributed backbone Hubs connected to a series of central hubs or routers in a hierarchy A simple distributed backbone network

  15. Enterprise-Wide Topologies VA GA NC A distributed backbone connecting multiple LANs

  16. Enterprise-Wide Topologies Collapsed backbone Uses a router or switch as the single central connection point for multiple subnetworks A collapsed backbone network

  17. Enterprise-Wide Topologies Parallel Backbone Collapsed backbone arrangement that consists of more than one connection from central router or switch to each network segment A parallel backbone network

  18. Enterprise-Wide Topologies Mesh networks Routers are interconnected with other routers, with at least two pathways connecting each router An example of a mesh network

  19. Wide Area Network (WAN) Topologies Peer-to-peer topology WAN with single interconnection points for each location Dedicated circuits Continuous physical or logical connections between two access points that are leased from a communication provider A peer-to-peer WAN

  20. Wide Area Network (WAN) Topologies Ring WAN topology Each site is connected to two other sites so that entire WAN forms a ring pattern A ring-configured WAN

  21. Wide Area Network (WAN) Topologies Star WAN topology Single site acts as the central connection point for several other points A star-configured WAN

  22. Wide Area Network (WAN) Topologies Mesh WAN topology Many directly interconnected locations forming a complex mesh Full-mesh and partial-mesh WANs

  23. Wide Area Network (WAN) Topologies Tiered WAN topology Sites connected in star or ring formations are interconnected at different levels, with interconnection points organized into layers A tiered WAN topology

  24. Logical Topologies • Refers to the way in which data are transmitted between nodes • Describes the way: • Data are packaged in frames • Electrical pulses are sent over network’s physical media • Logical topology may also be called network transport system

  25. Network Architecture • Defines how network functions at a logical level • Two primary types • Client-server • Peer-to-peer (P2P)

  26. Client-server Network Architecture • Nodes are either clients or servers • Clients use services • Servers provide services • Access to shared data • E-mail • Printing • FAX • Client software on client node cooperates with server software on server node • WWW is largest client server application

  27. Peer-to-Peer Network Architecture • All nodes on the network are equal. • Any node can be both a client and a server. • Napster was an example of a P2P network used to share MP3 files. • Windows printer and file sharing use P2P.

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