200 ITEMS 

1. 200 ITEMS 

2. 1.. Which of the following statements is/are true? • During anaerobic, metabolism energy for muscle contraction is produced • During aerobic metabolism, energy for muscle contraction is produced • The energy for muscle contraction is used for production of ATP • If only I and III are correct • If all are correct • If only I and II are correct • If only III is correct • If all are incorrect

3. 2. When there is equal passage of ions across the membrane, the polarity would be: • Toward zero point • Depolarization • Repolarization • Resting membrane potential • Hyperpolarization

4. 3. Skeletal muscles store energy just enough ATP to provide chemical energy for: • Minimum of five strong muscle contractions • At least 1 minute continuous contractions • At least 30 seconds continuous contractions • At most three strong muscle contractions • At least 15 seconds continuous contractions

5. 4. Resting membrane potential: • 1 Na+ : 3 K + • 2 Na+ : 3 K + • 3 Na+ : 2 K+ • 2 Na+ : 3 K+

6. 5. Which of the following is true of Sodium/Potassium/ATPase pump? • All of these • It is an example of ionic channel • It pumps sodium out and potassium in • It is an example of facilitated diffusion • It is an example of facilitated osmosis

7. 6. This hormone inhibits secretion of insulin and glucagon and slows down the absorption of nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract: • Cortisol • Somatostatin • Somatotropin • Inhibin • Mineralocorticoid

8. 7. The ability of the stomach to accommodate food and fluid without a significant increase in pressure is known as: • Repetitive relaxation\perceptive relaxation • Retropulsion • Tone • Sieving function

9. 8. Type II muscle fibers: • Fatigue resistant • Fast twitch muscle fibers • High capillary density • Low capillary density • Fatigues easily • I, II, III • III, IV and V • I,II and IV • I and II • II and III

10. 9. It contains mitochondria, fat and lipoprotein droplets: • Sarcosomes • Sarcolemma • Sacoplasm • Muscle fiber • Synctial cell

11. 10. Lower body temperature in the elderly are usually associated with: • Decrease in physical activity • Decrease in subcutaneous tissue mass • Lower metabolic rate • All of these • Inadequate diet

12. 11. This substance/hormone cause inhibition of the conversion of Angiotensin II from Angiotension I:a.      Reninb.      Bradykininc.      Ace inhibitorsd.      Aldosterone

13. 12. Hyposecretion of PTH can lead to Hypocalcemia which is/are characterized by the following signs and symptoms EXCEPT:a.      Tetanyb.      Twitchingc.      Arrythmiad.      Hypotensione.      Pathologic fractures

14. 13. Facilitated diffusion may be described by the ff. Statements, EXCEPT: • Carrier proteins are involved in the transport of the substance • The rate of diffusion is faster than simple diffusion • The direction of diffusion is driven by electrical or concentration gradients • ATP cleavage is required • None of these

15. 14. The classic type I muscle fibers are: • High in oxidative enzymes and low in myosin ATPase activity • High in glycolytic enzymes and myosin ATPase • High in glycolytic enzymes and myosin ATPase and slow twitch muscle fibers • High in oxidative enzymes and low in myosin ATPaseacitivity and slow twitch muscle fibers • Slow twitch muscle fibers

16. 15. A patient’s breathing is characterized by cycles of gradual increase in rate and depth of respiration with apnea in between. • Biot’s breathing • Cheyne-Stokes breathing • Ataxic breathing • Kussmaul’s breathing • Eupnea

17. 16. The Sinuatrial Node is considered as the pacemaker of the heart because: • It is far from the ventricles • It has the highest rate of automaticity • It has the fastest conduction velocity • It is located near the entry of the right atrium

18. 17. What is the proper attitude about smoking to be conveyed to the patient with obstructive lung disease? a. The patient should be forced to stop smoking and should be warned that death might occur if he starts smoking again b. The patient should be encouraged to stop smoking and should be presented appropriate educational material c. The lung disease is already present and the damage is already done. It makes no difference whether the patient continues to smoke or decides to quit. d. Since there is no definite evidence liking smoking and lung disease, smoking need not even be mentioned

19. 18. Pleural effusion is caused by which of the following? • Internal bronchial obstruction • Low tidal volume • Decrease in osmotic pressure • Only III is correct • Only I is correct • All are correct • None are correct • I and II are correct

20. 19. A 7 y/o patient diagnosed with cystic fibrosis was referred for PT treatment. Upon exercising the patient, you check that there is decreased breath sounds and the patient currently experiences difficulty in breathing. The PT should: a. Call emergency assistance b. Stop PT treatment and check vital signs c. Continue with the treatment d. Lower the resistance of the exercise

21. 20. The following are signs and symptoms of an 11 y/o child with cystic fibrosis in the chronic stage EXCEPT: • Digital Clubbing • Thick, Tenacious Bronchial Secretions • Cyanosis Of The Lips • Dyspnea

22. 21. Cushing`s syndrome is characterized by the following EXCEPT:a.      Buffallo humpb.      Moon fasciec.      Spindling of the arms and legsd.      Striae on the abdomene.      Edema of the face

23. 22. Which of the following is not an appropriate reason to terminate a maximum exercise tolerance test for a patient with pulmonary dysfunction? • ECG monitoring reveals diagnostic ischemia • Patient states he is maximally short of breath • Patient reaches age predicted maximal heart rate • PaO2 decreases to 20mmHg

24. 23. A client is positioned on a treatment table in prone with two pillows under her hips. This position most likely would be used to perform postural drainage techniques to the: a. anterior basal segment of the lower lobes b. lateral basal segment of the lower lobes c. right middle lobe d. superior segment of the lower lobes

25. 24. A patient with COPD is sitting on a bedside chair. The apices of the lungs in this position compared with other areas of the lungs in this position would demonstrate: • the highest changes in ventilation during the respiratory cycle • increased volume of air at resting and expiratory pressure (REEP) • increased perfusion • the lowest oxygenation and highest CO2 in blood exiting this zone

26. 25. Type of hormone transfer in which substances are conveyed over short distances by diffusion through the interstitial space, to act on neighboring cells for regulation: • Paracrine • Endocrine • Autocrine • Exocrine

27. 26. Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infection caused by an airborne mycobacterium tuberculosis. Which of the following statements holds true about tuberculosis? • All of these • 2 weeks on appropriate anti-tuberculine drugs renders the host non-infectious • Incubation period is 5 – 12 weeks • Incubation period is 5 – 12 weeks and primary disease lasts approximately 2 weeks to 4 months • Primary disease last approximately 2 weeks to 4 months

28. 27. The following pituitary hormones are under tonic stimulation by the hypothalamus, EXCEPT: • ACTH • Prolactin • TSH • Growth hormone

29. 28. A therapist monitors a client’s respiration rate during exercise. Which of the following would be considered a normal response? • The respiration rate declines during exercise before the intensity of exercise declines • The respiration rate does not increase during exercise • The rhythm of the respiration pattern becomes irregular during exercise • The respiration rate decreases as the intensity of the exercise plateaus

30. 29. If the ventricular cell is stimulated during the spike of the action potential, it would fall during the: • Relative refractory period • Supernormal phase • Absolute refractory period • Resting phase • Atrioventricular mode

31. 30. In asthma, pertinent physical findings during exacerbation would include the following except: • Hemoptysis • Wheezing,possible crackles • Cyanosis • Tachycardia • Dyspnea

32. 32. Which of the following is the most appropriate standard positioning for draining the posterior basal segment of the lung? • Patient lying supine with an 18-inch elevation of the foot of the bed • Patient lying on his side with a 6-inch elevation of the foot of the bed • Patient lying prone with an 18-inch elevation of the foot of the bed • Patient lying on his side with an 18-inch elevation of the foot of the bed • Patient lying prone with the lower extremities lowered by 6 inches

33. 32. The whole process by which depolarization of the muscle fiber initiates muscle contraction is called excitation – contraction coupling. During this process, the following events occur except: • Calcium initiates muscle contraction • The action potential is transmitted to all the muscle fibrils via the tubular system • The action potential in the muscle triggers the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum • Norepinephrine is released into the myoneural junction

34. 33. the PT program for a patient with Emphysema should incorporate purse lip expiration since it helps to: • decrease intrabronchial pressure • increase intrabronchial pressure • increase abdominal pressure • increase intrathoracic pressure

35. 34. The most important stimulus which will result in an increase ventilation is: • decrease arterial pO2 • decrease arterial pCO2 • increase arterial pCO2 • herring – Breuer reflex • all of these

36. 35. Corpulomale is exhibited in what clinical condition? • CRPD • Pulmonary hypertension • Pulmonary embolism • Pulmonary fibrosis

37. 36. A cardiac client undergoes a low-level symptom limited exercise tyreadmill test that begins at 1.5 METS and progresses to 4 METS. Which of the following activities would require an energy expenditure of approximately 4 METS? • Sitting quietly at rest • Level walking at 1 mph • Level walking at 3 mph • Level walking at 5 mph

38. 37. Body temperature is affected by: • Time of day • Exercise • Age • All of these • Emotions

39. 38. The proper sequence of events that occur in coughing after inspiration is: • Abdominal contraction, glottis close, tightening of vocal cords, glottis open, air expiration • Glottis close, abdominal contraction, air expiration, glottis open • Both • None of these

40. 39. Thjs conditions are contraindicated for postural drainage in any position: • Head trauma • Pharyngectomy • Aortic stenosis • All of these • None of these

41. 40. Normal value of PR in adults: • 60-70 bpm • 60-90 bpm • 30-60 bpm • 60-150 bpm

42. 41. You are examining your new patient who was diagnosed to have COPD. You will not be surprised to see decreased: • RV • FRC • VC • TLC

43. 42. The following set of PFTs demonstrate an FVC of 3.2, an FEV1 of 2.6, and an FEV1 / FVC ratio of 81.25%. Which of the following Caucasian female patients would these PFTs most likely represent? • 5’2” healthy 68 year-old with a s/p total knee replacement • 5’4” 28 year-old in a mild exacerbation of her asthma • 5’2” healthy 31 year old with a casted tibia/ fibula fracture • 4’ 8” 10 year-old with cystic fibrosis

44. 43. All are appropriate instructions that should be given to a patient who experiences frequent sudden attack of shortness of breath, EXCEPT: a. Lean forward while in sitting position b. Flex head and trunk while standing c. Pursed-lip breathing while slightly bending the trunk backward in sitting d. Perform daily activities through pacing e. None of these

45. 44. This is the primary rhythm generator for respiration: • Ventral respiratory group of neurons • Pneumotaxic center • Central node of neurons • Apneustic neuron • Dorsal respiratory group of neuron

46. 45. Atrial depolarization represents: • P wave • T wave • QRS complex • ST segment

47. 46. Rapid exchange of positive and negative ions due to cell’s increase in permeability is termed: • Action potential • Membrane potential • Depolarization • Repolarization

48. 47. Which of the following is a branch of the Left coronary artery? • Right marginal artery • AV nodal • Posterior interventricular artery • Circumflex artery

49. 48. In the cardiac cycle, early systole is characterized as: • phase wherein there is open AV valves • phase wherein all valves are closed • phase of ventricular filling • Phase wherein there is closure of the SL Valves

50. 49. You were asked to treat a patient at the pulmonary ward. You have seen that the management for this patient includes pulmonary percussion. As a physical therapist, you would know that this technique is contraindicated for patients with the following conditions, EXCEPT: • Bronchiectasis • Interstitial fibrosis • Pulmonary Tuberculosis • Lobar Pneumonia