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The Cloning Debate: Advantages, Disadvantages & Ethical Considerations

Explore the history, process, and controversies surrounding animal cloning, from Dolly the sheep to current legislation. Learn about the pros and cons, scientific advancements, and potential implications of cloning technology.

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The Cloning Debate: Advantages, Disadvantages & Ethical Considerations

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  1. Animal Cloning:To Clone, or not to Clone Dolly

  2. Pros: • Cure human diseases • Using animal organs • Create animals that are disease resistant • More consistent food products • Save endangered species

  3. Cons: • Public perception • Use technology to clone humans • Expensive • Not efficient • Cloned products can’t be marketed

  4. Cloning Definition: The process of making identical genomic copies of an original animal. Encyclopedia Britannica: An individual organism that was grown from a single body cell of its parent and that is genetically identical to it.

  5. Brief History of Cloning • 1902: Walter Sutton proves chromosomes hold genetic information. • 1902: German scientist Hans Spemann divides a salamander embryo. • Spemann proposes a “fantastical experiment”

  6. Brief History of Cloning • 1952: Briggs and King clone tadpoles. • 1953: Watson and Crick find the structure of DNA. • 1962: John Gurdon clones frogs from differentiated cells. • 1963: J.B.S. Haldane coins the term ‘clone’.

  7. Brief History of Cloning • 1977: Karl Illmensee creates mice with only one parent, • 1984: Twinning- create genetic copies from embryonic cells. • 1996: First animal cloned from adult cells is born.

  8. The Cloning Process • 1978: Splitting embryos • 1986: Embryo Cloning • 1994: Embryonic cell line cloning • 1996: Adult or Somatic cell cloning

  9. Creating Dolly

  10. Stage 1 Cell collected from a sheep’s udder.

  11. Stage 2 Nucleus is removed from unfertilized egg of second sheep.

  12. Stage 3 Udder cell is inserted into egg with no nucleus.

  13. Stage 4 Insertion is successful.

  14. Stage 5 Electrical charge is supplied.

  15. Stage 6 Cells begin to divide.

  16. Stages 7 & 8

  17. Cloning Facts • Plant cloning has been around for thousands of years • Farm animal cloning has been around for over 20 years • Cloning is a form of asexual reproduction • Clones aren’t exact copies • Cloned animals are safe to raise and eat

  18. Cloning Fallacies • Genetic make-up is altered • Mutants are created • Clones are unhealthy • Will eventually lead to cloning humans • Possible to recreate people such as Hitler

  19. House Bill 2505Human Cloning Prohibition Act • Prohibition on human cloning • Criminal Penalty: Up to 10 years imprisonment • Civil penalty: Minimum 1 million dollar fine

  20. Final Thoughts • Cloning has been around for a long time • Cloned products are safe • Useful in medical and pharmacological fields • Will not replace traditional animal agriculture • Need to better educate public • Close regulation

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