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National Workshop on NLBI

Forests and Climate Change. National Workshop on NLBI. Jagdish Kishwan Chief Advisor, Policy Wildlife Trust of India Member, Government of India, Planning Commission Expert Group on Low Carbon Strategy for Inclusive Growth Government Nominee as Expert Reviewer for WG3 of AR5 of IPCC

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National Workshop on NLBI

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  1. Forests and Climate Change National Workshop on NLBI Jagdish Kishwan Chief Advisor, Policy Wildlife Trust of India Member, Government of India, Planning Commission Expert Group on Low Carbon Strategy for Inclusive Growth Government Nominee as Expert Reviewer for WG3 of AR5 of IPCC Former Additional Director General (Wildlife), Government of India Former Director General, Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education Former Member, Government of India Core Negotiating Group for UNFCCC New Delhi 12 December 2012

  2. Role of Forests in Climate Change • Mitigation • Adaptation

  3. Role of Forests in Climate Change Adaptation • Food supplement • Wind break against storms • Reducing severity of floods • Regulating water supply UNFCCC not considering adaptation aspect of forests Forests to be impacted by climate change

  4. Role of Forests in Climate Change Mitigation • How to reduce emissions • directly • indirectly

  5. IPCC 4th Assessment Report Share of different sectors in total anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2004 in terms of CO2 equivalent Energy Supply 25.9% Industry 19.4% Forestry 17.4% Agriculture 13.5% Residential and 7.9% Commercial building Waste and Wastewater 2.8%

  6. How to reduce emissions?

  7. How to reduce emissions in Forestry Sector? Reduce emissions (save carbon) Reducing deforestation and degradation rates (Exmp: REDD) Identify drivers- agriculture, fuelwood/timber extraction, grazing Increase removals (add carbon) Conservation, sustainable management of forests, increase in forest cover/A&R (Exmp: CDM A/R, REDD+) Wood products management Replacement of cement concrete with lumber in house construction Replacement of metal furniture with wooden furniture

  8. COP Decisions REDD+ • Cancun (COP 16) • 5 REDD+ activities defined • RELs/RLs agreed as benchmarks • 3 progressives phases of implementation- preparatory, demonstration, results-based actions • Safeguards for rights of IPs/LCs and against conversion of natural forests • No agreement on financing options

  9. COP Decisions REDD+ • Durban (COP 17) • Safeguards for rights of IPs/LCs and natural forests agreed • Agreement on construction of RELs/RLs • National Forest Monitoring Systems and MRV to be discussed and agreed by COP 18 • Agreement to work on financial options including public, private, market, non-market, fund-based mechanisms

  10. COP Decisions REDD+ • Doha (COP 18) SBSTA • Seeks submissions by 25 March 2013 on following for decision in COP 19 • Technical assessment of forest REL/RL original or updated • Issues related to co-benefits resulting from REDD+ implementation • National forest monitoring systems and MRV for multiple functions of forests supported by non-market mechanism

  11. COP Decisions REDD+ • Doha (COP 18) SBSTA ……contd • To resume in next SBSTA discussions on following for decision in COP 19 • Timing and frequency of submission of information under SIS • Further guidance to ensure transparency, consistency, comprehensiveness and effectiveness of summary of information on how safeguards addressed and respected • Issues relating to drivers of deforestation and forest degradation

  12. COP Decisions REDD+ • Doha (COP 18) LCA • COP President to appoint 2 cochairs to initiate work programme on results-based finance in 2013 through 2 workshops • Cochairs to report on workshops to COP 19 • Seeks submissions by 25 March 2013 on following for consideration in COP 19 • Technical and financial support for REDD+ implementation • Joint session of SBSTA and SBI to recommend body/board/committee for administering REDD+

  13. REDD+ Implementation- Overriding Principles, India • Participation and rights of local communities most important • All ecosystem services equally important • Carbon service one such ecosystem service

  14. REDD+ Implementation- Challenges, India • Policy • Institutional • Technical

  15. REDD+ Implementation- Challenges, India Policy • Safeguarding rights of local communities • Clarify role of private sector • Responsibility sharing • Centre + States + Community • Benefit sharing • Government and Community

  16. REDD+ Implementation- Challenges, India Institutional • Whose responsibility at national and state level? • How to ensure coordination between national and state level? • Accounting agency?

  17. REDD+ Implementation- Challenges, India Technical • Fixing of reference level for REDD+ accounting • Modalities of REDD+ accounting • Guidelines • Modalities • Rules • Procedures • Capacity building

  18. Strategy for REDD+ Implementation- India Policy • Safeguard legal and traditional rights of local communities (examples- JFM, CFM, FRA) • Role of private sector limited to private lands • No specific changes in FM for REDD+ • REDD+ incentives- bonusin addition to traditional goods and services to local community from forests • Centre to provide guidance for REDD+ implementation, disbursement of incentives • States to organize estimation of forest carbon stocks • Participation of local community in assessment and monitoring of forest C stocks • Policy statement endorsing 100% share of REDD+ from government forests to local community and no involvement of private companies

  19. Strategy for REDD+ Implementation- India Institutional • REDD+ Cell in MoEF • REDD+ NCA- National Coordination Authority • REDD+ SNA- State Nodal Authority • FSI to handle responsibility of preparation of national forest carbon stocks accounts

  20. Strategy for REDD+ Implementation- India Technical • Consortium of technical organizations (FSI, ICFRE, IISc, IIRS, TERI, IIFM) to propose • RL • Modalities of REDD+ accounting keeping due note of UNFCCC decisions and guidance • Vetting of RL and modalities by SFDs, civil society and Central Government • A nationwide campaign through assistance of civil society needed for capacity building of forest field staff, local communities

  21. Strategy for REDD+ Implementation- India Steps initiated to prepare a national document in the Ministry of Environment and Forests outlining strategy for implementation of REDD+ in India Will clarify roles and responsibilities of organizations of government and others as also a step by step approach for achieving different milestones necessary for REDD+ implementation

  22. NLBI: Forests & Climate Change • No specific reporting requirement for contribution of forests in • Mitigation • Size and yearly enhancement of present sink • Capability to supply biomass to replace fossil fuels, metal use in housing/furniture

  23. NLBI: Forests & Climate Change • No specific reporting requirement for contribution of forests in • Adaptation • Supplementing food security • Capability to mitigate wind storms, floods • Supply of house construction material

  24. NLBI: Forests & Climate Change • No specific reporting requirement for impact of climate change on forests • Vegetation change • Vegetation shift • Migration of animal species including insects • Vulnerability to increased fire incidences, insect attacks, pathogen infestation

  25. T • Thanks for your attention

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