1 / 14

ZnO (Zinc oxide)

ZnO (Zinc oxide). by Alexander Glavtchev. Why is ZnO interesting?. Widely used: medicinal purposes (colds, rashes, antiseptics, sunscreen lotions) used in manufacturing of rubber as rubber cure (or as filler) pigment for paints and coatings

paniz
Download Presentation

ZnO (Zinc oxide)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ZnO (Zinc oxide) by Alexander Glavtchev

  2. Why is ZnO interesting? Widely used: • medicinal purposes (colds, rashes, antiseptics, sunscreen lotions) • used in manufacturing of rubber as rubber cure (or as filler) • pigment for paints and coatings • in electronics, used mainly in laser diodes, LED’s, transparent thin film coatings, and various piezoelectrics Bright future: • shows promising signs in the field of nanotechnology, UV detecors, nanoscale detectors and actuators • direct bandgap semiconductor that could replace silicon as the main substrate in chip manufacturing (if it can be easily/cheaply p-doped) • dual semiconductor and piezoelectric properties!!

  3. Properties Melting Point: 1975 °C High electron mobility: >100cm2/Vs High exciton binding energy: ~60meV (electron-hole binding energy) Direct bandgap: 3.3eV

  4. Piezoelectric Properties The output amplitude is related to the input signal by: Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) and Lithium tantalate (LiTaO3) are currently two very-widely used piezoelectric crystals due to their high piezoelectric strain coefficients.

  5. Piezoelectric Properties • Can produce voltage output from applied stress (strain), or produce stress when voltage is applied. • Nanobelts and various nanoscale features of ZnO give higher piezoelectric constants (likely due to less dislocations and the impurity-free single-crystalline structures). • Piezoelectrics used in: sensors (acoustic and electronic, as pickups in electric guitars, detection/generation of sonar waves, etc.); actuators (high-precision motors, loudspeakers, atomic force microscope probe control); possible future use in vibration and noise reduction (housing, automobiles).

  6. Semiconductor Properties • Zinc oxide is a direct wide-bandgap semiconductor (~3.3-3.4eV). • Allows for efficient photon emission, as in LED’s or laser diodes (rather than phonon emission with energy loss and heat generation). • Can easily be n-doped with aluminum, indium, or extra zinc. • Possesses high electron mobility and photoconductivity – can help speed up currents in semiconductor devices. Drawbacks: • p-doping is currently very difficult and inefficient and has prevented mass manufacturing of ZnO-based wafers. • High-purity ZnO grown on substrates other than sapphire has been challenging.

  7. Nano-Structures • Zinc oxide shows great potential for nanoscale electro-mechanical fabrication. • Highly-symmetric, singly-crystalline nanoneedles, nanowires, nanobelts, nanorings, nanohelixes, nanocombs, etc. • Hexagonal (wurtzite) structure helps lattice-matching and controlled growth. • Positive Zn surfaces and negative O surfaces create electric dipoles that facilitate polarization growth along certain directions and planes under applied voltage and temperature.

  8. Nano-Structures

  9. Summary • ZnO displays dual semiconductor and piezoelectric properties. • Used in laser diodes and LED’s. • Potential to be used as a wide-bandgap semiconductor. • Widely used in many other fields (medicine, farming, pigments). • Zinc oxide nanostructure growth is heavily researched presently. • The substance likely has the largest variety of nanostructures (and their associated properties) among all known materials. • It’s hexagonal lattice can easily match catalysts’ lattice structure and facilitate controlled growth patterns. • Structures like nanowires, nanobelts and nanorings are of great interest in photonics research, optoelectronics, nanotechnology, and biomedicine.

  10. Sources • Nanoarchitectures of semiconducting and piezoelectric zinc oxide. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 97, 044304 s2005d • Piezoelectric Characterization of Individual Zinc Oxide Nanobelt Probed by Piezoresponse Force Microscope. Nano Lett.,Vol. 4, No. 4, 2004 • Nanostructures of zinc oxide. Zhong Lin Wang. Materials Today, June 2004. • Photonic band structure of ZnO photonic crystal slab laser. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 98, 103102 2005 • Deformation-Free Single-Crystal Nanohelixes of Polar Nanowires. Nano Lett.,Vol. 4, No. 7, 2004 • Zinc oxide hexagram whiskers. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 88, 093101 2006 • Zinc Oxide Nanostructures: Growth, Properties and Applications. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter16 (2004) R829–R858 • Nitrogen doped zinc oxide thin film.http://repositories.cdlib.org/lbnl/LBNL-54116, 2003 • www.wikipedia.com

More Related