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Sweden's Industrial Revolution: Transformation and Consequences

Explore Sweden's journey through industrialization from the 1700s to 1921, impacted by the Age of Liberty, Enlightenment, and scientific advances, leading to societal polarization, liberal and labor movements, and the feminist fight for rights.

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Sweden's Industrial Revolution: Transformation and Consequences

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  1. The Industrial Revolution Sweden

  2. Background: 1700s Age of Liberty; moredemocratic Sweden Age ofEnlightenment; scientificadvances Long period ofpeace Moreeffectiveagriculture (potato) Fishingindustry (herring, salt, fish-oil) Ironworks Manufactures (factorieswithoutmachines) Swedish East India CompanyGrowing population

  3. Industrialisationbegins… • Much later in Sweden than Britain • Similar proto-industries (textile) • Competition from Britain affectedSweden’sironworks

  4. Industrialisation proper… • 1850s: Sawmillingindustry in Norrland Export oftimberto Britain • 1850s: Buildingofrailroads • 1870s: Engineeringindustries Specialisation (LM Ericsson, Bofors)

  5. Consequences… • Britain usedup all theiriron and coal for the industrialisation process • Sweden wasmorerich in naturalresources • Polarisation ofsocietyEmergenceofveryrichpeopleWorkingclassLand-owning farmers Farm workers • Largenumberof emigration toUSA

  6. Liberal Movement • Chydenius  World’sfirstlaw on freedomof press • 1809 constitution • Liberal party (Folkpartiet) formed in 1895 • Several liberal groups in parliamentjoined in 1900(Liberala samlingspartiet)

  7. Labour Movement • Workingclass: bad living- and workingconditions Demands: Minimum wageRegulatedworkinghours Social security system • Labour Unions (fackföreningar) • Labour Party (SAP; Socialdemokratiska arbetarpartiet) formed in 1889

  8. Feminist Movement • In parallelto Labour movementwomen’sissuesbecameimportant Demands: Right toeducation Right towork Personal rights (myndigförlaring) • Right tovote – 1921!

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