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Exploring Schrödinger's Cat: Understanding Quantum States and Decoherence

Dive into the fascinating world of quantum mechanics with the Schrödinger's Cat experiment, a thought-provoking illustration of entanglement and superposition. This experiment shows how the state of a cat can be both "alive" and "dead," depending on the quantum state of an atom to which it is entangled. The concept of quantum decoherence plays a crucial role, transitioning quantum systems into classical behavior upon interaction with the environment. Understanding measurement postulates and the implications of quantum observation will deepen your insight into the quantum world.

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Exploring Schrödinger's Cat: Understanding Quantum States and Decoherence

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Introduction

  2. The Quantum World The “Schrödinger’s Cat” Experiment (1935) The cat is isolated from the environment The state of the cat is entangled to the one of a typical quantum system : an atom !

  3. “alive” “dead” The Quantum World AND ? • The cat is actually a detector of the atom’s state • Result “dead” : the atom is disintegrated • Result “alive” : the atom is excited Entanglement

  4. “alive” “dead” The Quantum World AND ? OR ! Quantum Decoherence : Interaction with the environment leads to a transition into a more classical behavior, in agreement with the common intuition!

  5. The Quantum World • Measurement Postulate • The state of the measured system, just after a measurement, is the state in which we measure the system. • Before the measurement : the system can be in a superposition of different states. One can only make predictions about measurement results. • After the measurement : Update of the state provided by the measurement … • Measurement Problem ?

  6. Amplification of Vital Signs The Wigner’s Friend Effects of an observation ?

  7. Wigner representation of the POVM element describing the perception of light Quantum state retrodicted from the light perception Quantum properties of Human Eyes

  8. Effects of an observation Quantum state of the cat (C), the light (D) and the atom (N) State conditioned on the light perception Quantum decoherence induced by the observation

  9. Interests of a non-classical measurement Let us imagine a detector of “Schrödinger’s Cat” states of light Effects of this measurement (projection postulate) “AND” Quantum coherences are preserved !

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