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Understanding Different Types of Fasts in Islam and Fidyah Guidelines

Explore the various types of fasting in Islam, including obligatory fasts like Ramadan, voluntary fasts, undesired fasts, and prohibited days. Learn who is excused from fasting due to sickness or travel, as well as the concept of Fidyah for missed fasts. Understand what invalidates a fast, the consequences, and how to continue the appearance of fasting. Discover the rulings on different situations related to fasting according to the Shariah.

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Understanding Different Types of Fasts in Islam and Fidyah Guidelines

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  1. FIQH OF FASTING Entering Ramadan Workshop

  2. TYPES OF FASTS ضْرَف (obligatory) Fasting in Ramadan Fasting for a vow Fasting a makeup fast ةُّنُ س (practice of the Prophet (ﷺ)) Fast of Ashura with an added day Fast of on the day of `Arafah

  3. TYPES OF FASTS ةُّنُ س (practice of the Prophet (ﷺ)) Fast of Ashura with an added day Fast of on the day of `Arafah بَحَتْ سُم (preferred) Fasting Mondays and Thursdays Fasting the “white days” (13th-15th) Fasting Rajab and Sha`ban

  4. TYPES OF FASTS هْوُرْكَم (undesirable) Fasting on Nayruz Fasting on Friday Fasting on the Day of Doubt or prior to Ramadan ماَرَح(prohibited) `Eid ul-Fitr `Eid ul-Adha Ayyaam ut-Tashreeq

  5. SURAH BAQARAH | VERSE 184 ْوَأ اًضيِرُّم ُكُنِم َنَكَ نَمَف ۚ ٍتاَدوُدْعُّم اًمُّيََّأ َف ۖ ٍينِكْسِم ُماَعَط ٌةَيْدِف ُهَنوُقيِطُي َنيُِّلَّا اًْ يَْخ َعُّوَطَت نَم َوُهَف ُُّلّ ٌْ يَْخ نَأَو ۚ اوُموُصَت ٌْ يَْخ ُْ تُنُك نِا ۖ ُْكُُّل َنوُمَلْعَت Days (of fasting are) few in number. However, should anyone of you be sick or on a journey, then a number from other days. And those who have the strength, on them there is a ransom: the feeding of a poor person. Then whoever does good voluntarily, that is better for him. And that you fast is better for you, if you know. َلََعَو ۚ َرَخ أ ٍمُّيََّأ ْنِ م ٌةُّدِعَف ٍرَفَس َٰلََع

  6. WHO IS EXCUSED FROM FASTING ُّم ُكُنِم َنَكَ نَمَف اًضيِر Shar`i definition of sick | The act of worship will aggravate the illness e.g., wudu and ghusl are replaced with tayammum e.g., praying standing is replaced with a modified prayer Will face unbearable hardship  َ ْ سُْيْلا ُ ُكُِب ُُّ للَّا ُديِرُي َلََو ُ ُكُِب ُديِرُي َ ْ سُْعْلا

  7. WHO IS EXCUSED FROM FASTING Shar`i definition of traveler | َفَس َٰلََع ْوَأ Shar`i length for traveling Same length for when shortening prayers 80.5km, 140m, ~50mi Distance traveled by a camel carrying a load walking at a medium pace Distance traveled on foot from early morning until noon ٍر

  8. WHAT IS FIDYAH? | ةَيْدِف ۖ ٍينِكْسِم ُماَعَط ٌةَيْدِف ُهَنوُقيِطُي َنيُِّلَّا َلََعَو And those who have the strength, on them there is a ransom: the feeding of a poor person. Linguistic: redemption, ransom, sacrifice Technical: ransom or redemption from the omission of certain religious duties, by material donation or ritual act

  9. WHAT IS FIDYAH? | ةَيْدِف Narration of Salma ibn Akwa` Fidyah was permissible for those who could afford it There was no restriction (i.e., illness, travel)  نَمَف ۖ ُهْمُصَيْلَف َرْهُّشلا ُ ُكُنِم َدِهَش So those of you who witness the month must fast therein Abrogated the choice of giving fidyah

  10. WHAT IS FIDYAH? | ةَيْدِف Narration of Mu`adh bin Jabal Three changes in fasting From three days a month and `Ashura to fasting in Ramadan From choice of fidyah to fasting if capable From fasting beginning with post-iftar sleep to fasting beginning at dawn

  11. HOW TO GIVE FIDYAH If unable to fast Give the same amount as Sadaqah al-Fitr to those eligible Fidyah should be given for each missed fast If fidyah cannot be given Seek forgiveness Intention to pay when able

  12. WHO CAN GIVE FIDYAH Medical condition Cannot makeup the fast at another time  ْنِ م ٌةُّدِعَف ٍرَفَس َٰلََع ْوَأ اًضيِرَم َنَكَ ۗ َرَخ أ ٍمُّيََّأ And should anyone be sick, or on a journey, then, a number from other days. If the opportunity to makeup the fast never arose, then fidyah is not due نَمَو

  13. WHO DOES NOT GIVE FIDYAH Traveler Pregnant woman Nursing mother Temporarily sick (patient) Elderly but capable

  14. RESULTS OF INVALIDATING THE FAST Qadah A single day of fasting in place of broken fast Kaffarah Sixty days fasting Fasting missed day  If not possible  Feed sixty poor people two meals  Feed one person two meals for sixty days  Give sixty people the fidyah  Give one person the fidyah for sixty days

  15. WHAT INVALIDATES THE FAST There are two results of invalidating the fast Qadah (makeup fast) with kaffarah (expiation) Consciously invalidating the fast from the three prohibitions of fasting (food, drink, marital relations) Ingestion or inhalation of a substance

  16. WHAT INVALIDATES THE FAST Qadah (makeup fast) without kaffarah (expiation) A shar`i need arises for one of the three An intention was not made The fast was never started Force vomiting more than a mouthful Taking an enema

  17. CONTINUING THE APPEARANCE OF FASTING If fast was invalidated Should still refrain from eating or drinking Unless medical reason Woman who stopped menstruating in day should refrain from eating or drinking Woman who started menstruating during fast may eat and drink

  18. HOW TO FAST A person should Make intention of fasting anytime from the previous night until midday Necessary component of fasting Abstaining without intention will not fulfill fast

  19. HOW TO FAST No set du`a (supplication) according to the Sunnah Not necessary to verbalize Some scholars recommend  ُ تْيَوَن ٍدَغ ِمْوَصِب I have intended to fast tomorrow Intention can be made until noon Scholars recommend not to delay until after dawn

  20. HOW TO FAST ةَكَرَب ِرْوُحِّسلا ْ ِ فِ ُّنِاَف اْوُرُّحَسَت Eat sahoor, for verily in sahoor there is blessing.

  21. HOW TO FAST Eat and drink at the end of the night (prior to dawn) َفْلا َنِم ِدَوْسَْلا ِطْيَخْلا َنِم ُ ضَيْب وِّمِتَأ ُُّثُ ۖ ِرْج ا ِلْيُّللا َلَِا َماَيِ صلا “And eat and drink until the white thread [of dawn] becomes distinct to you from the black thread [of night]. Then complete the fast until sunset” َْلا ُطْيَخْلا ُ ُكَُل َُّ ينَبَتَي ُّٰ تََّح اوُبَْ شْاَو اوُُكَُو

  22. THE WHITE THREAD FROM THE BLACK THREAD

  23. START AND END TIME FOR FASTING

  24. START AND END TIME FOR FASTING

  25. START AND END TIME FOR FASTING

  26. HOW TO FAST At time of sunset Recite the du`a for breaking the fast  ْفَأ َكِقْزِر لََع َو ُ تْنَم أ َكِب َو ُ تْ ُ صُ ََلَ ُّمُه للَأ ُ تْرَط O Allah, I fasted for You, and in You I believe, and with Your provision I break my fast. (Tabarani, Abu Dawood)  ْجَْلا َ تَبَث َو ُ قْوُرُعلا ِتُّلَتْبا َو أْمُّظلا َبَهَذ ُالل َءاَش ْنِا ُر The thirst has gone and the veins are moistened and reward is confirmed, if Allah wills. (Abu Dawood)

  27. COMMON MISTAKES WHEN FASTING Brushing teeth Chewing gum Tasting food* Overeating during sahoor Delaying Maghrib during iftar Giving zakah only in Ramadan Eating/finishing up the meal at sahoor after dawn

  28. OTHER RELATED ITEMS Taraweeh prayer History 20 vs. 8 Is it a Sunnah? Opinions of other scholars What should our stance be?

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