生態社區 “ Trinitat Nova ” - 西班牙巴塞隆納的參與式規劃案例

1. 生態社區 “Trinitat Nova” - 西班牙巴塞隆納的參與式規劃案例 Eco-Neighborhood Trinitat Nova A cases study of participative planning in Barcelona,Spain 簡報人員：鄭力元 Cheng Li-Yuan

2. Outline Site Location Starting situation: Problems and Opportunities Evolution of the project Main features of this case The Masterplan Eco-objectives Transport Plan Works finished and in progress Conclusion

3. Site Location The neighbourhood is situated in the North-Eastern outskirts of Barcelona along Collserolla Mountain and upstream Besós River. It was built in the 50s to take in the workers arriving from other regions of Spain, with no kind of urban planning, without facilities and with poor construction techniques. 891 social housing units in decline are being demolished and replaced by 1045 new ones. Basic Data (year 2000): Area: 55 hectares Population: 7.686 inh. Density: 137 Inhab/Ha Population older than 65%: 30,4 % Barcelona

4. Starting situation: Problems and Opportunities 本社區建成四十年後，1998年巴塞隆納市對這裡的狀況進行了詳細詞查，並達成主要結論：絕大多數社區住宅單元已因基含鋁混凝土崩壞而嚴重受損，必須執除重建。 891個衰敗中的社會住宅單元，分數期拆除並重建以1045個新單元。這個社區計畫從1995年開始，透過參與的過程，已為有組織的社區居民們自己主動完成。他們激了行政團體在本案例納入創新的永續性準則。 After forty years from their construction, the City of Barcelona made in 1998 a detailed urban study on the state of the neighbourhood. A main conclusion of this study was that a great majority of the social housing units were irreparably affected by aluminosis and should be demolished and replaced by new ones.

5. PROBLEMS Renewal Area: buildings affected by aluminosis to be demoslihed A natural landscape dominated by Metropolitan facilities Deterioration of public space as expression of a general situation of crisis OPPORTUNITIES Social cohesion and residents’ initiative Presence of elements of architectural quality Quality of green Presence of elements of identity

6. Main features of this case 本案主要特色 • 參與、自我培力與鄰里主動的行動 Participation, self-empowerment and neighborhood’s initiative • 治理與公私部門間的伙伴關係 Governance and Public Private Partnership • 土地重新使用，與現有結構的改善 Regeneration of consolidated urban tissue in a compact Mediterranean city framework • 在緊密的地中海城市架構中，更新並鞏固城市的織理 Reuse of land and improvement of existing structure • 以對自然環境的直接接觸，再造都市邊緣 Reshaping of an urban border in direct contact with natural environment • 以公共運輸的投資，將原有的都市外圍區域營造為新的中心 New Centrality of a formerly peripheral area through investments in public transport • 都市資源在中心與外圍的均衡分配 Center-Periphery balance of urban resources

7. Evolution of the project 由技術團隊協助，社區居民自行製作的永續性準則 被居民否定的競圖案 經過參與過程正式的綱要計畫 經各部門研究後提出的生態社區提案

8. The Masterplan The process has been driven by the initiative of the neighbours, who encouraged the City and the Regional Government to involve in a innovative partnership project based on sustainability. After a participative design process, official Masterplan for the renewal area of the eco-neighbourhood was approved in 2002 and then Sectoral Sustainability Studies were made along 2003 for the fine adjustment of the subsequent phases to the ecological guidelines previously established. The synthesis of these studies constitutes the new ECO-NEIGHBOURHOOD Masterplan.

9. Eco-objectives • 在參與式設計過程後，本生態社區更新區域正式的綱要計畫於2002年通過。隨後各部門的永續性研究於2003年完成，於後期細緻修正了前期建立的生態準則。 • 整合這些部門研究，而構成了新的生態社區綱要計畫。三項生態標的 • 全球共同減少都市資源浪費 • 創造回收與再利用的最佳環境 • 消除對使用者健康、舒適與福利產的負面衝擊 Global reduction of urban waste and creation of optimal conditions for recycling and reuse, eliminating negative impacts on user’s comfort, health and welfare

10. Transport Plan Two lines of metro and a new light train line have transformed the district from a marginalised area in a new opportunity area Higher density and mix of uses will contribute to create a pedestrian neighbourhood of short distances. A new cycle-way will connect it with the cycling network of Barcelona. Taking advantage of the existing steep topography, four semi-underground parking buildings in the outer limits of renewal area are proposed in order to avoid motor car penetration in the neighbourhood

11. Works finished and in progress The first housing block (60 units) finished in july 2003 in Chafarinas Street, in the core of the neighbourhood Conversion of old water metropolitan distribution facilities in House of Water, new environmental interpretation centre New housing blocks (190 units) in progress in Aiguablava Street New metro station in progress in the core of the neighbourhood (Trinitat Park) New metro and light train station finished by Aiguablava Street housing block

12. Conclusion TrinitatNova已成為巴塞隆納永續政策(包含新太陽能城市、廢棄物回收規章等)的前導計畫。針對TrinitatNova所研究出的各種不同提案，都被市政府和區政府的住宅部門所採用，作為未來政策的參考(包含土壤滲透性設計、家庭用水回收、街道和建物的方位擬定…等)。最近剛通過的社區法案(Neighborhood Act)即把目標放在以參與和永續為重點的都市社區環境更新上。 The process is now extending its objectives to the surrounding problem areas, with the replication of the process in the nearest neighbourhoods. In certain aspects, Trinitat Nova has become a pilot project for the Barcelona sustainability policy(new solar municipal and waste recycling regulations). Diverse proposals studied for the Trinitat Nova project have been adopted by the municipality or the regional Housin Department as a reference for their future policies(permealbility soil devices, domestic water recycling, orientation of streets and building…). The recently approved Neighbourhood Act, aimed at the renewal of urban settlements focusing on participation and sustainability, converges with most of the objectives of sustainability developed through the Trinitat Nova ECOCITY-project.

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