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This comprehensive overview examines the evolution of web browsers, starting from Tim Berners-Lee's vision in 1992 to the ongoing browser wars. It explores key innovations like HTML5, plug-ins, and JavaScript engines, while analyzing browser performance through relevant benchmarks. The piece emphasizes the importance of understanding browsers in today's digital landscape and predicts future trends, such as the rise of cloud-based browsers and the potential dominance of Chrome. A valuable resource for anyone interested in the mechanics and future of web browsing.
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HTML5 Browser Wars Steven Adams July 27, 2011
Tim Berners-Lee’s vision 1992 Source: http://info.cern.ch
The Mosaic War 1992-1993
Browser War I 1995-2001
Browser War II 2006-201X
Browsers we are using Source: NetMarketShare, June, 2011
Browsers and tablets Source: NetMarketShare, May, 2011
Browsers and mobile phone Source: NetMarketShare, June, 2011
Key innovation drivers Plug-ins & Extensions Developer Tools HTML5 standards WebGL & WebCL Web 2.0 Video & Audio New Features Privacy & Security JavaScript engine speeds Adapted from Peter Wayner, Battle of the Web browsers, April 27, 2011
Browser as ecosystem User Interface Data Persistence Browser Engine Display Backend Layout Engine Network JavaScript Engine Other Engines Adapted from Tali Garsiel, How browsers work http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm,
How a layout engine works Parse CSS Styling Tree Paint Render Tree Display Backend DOM Content Tree Parse HTML Network JavaScript Engine Adapted from Tali Garsiel, How browsers work http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm,
Test Results 450 Source: http://html5test.com/
Total Score = 327 Source: http://html5test.com/
Total Score = 327 Source: http://html5test.com/
Total Score = 286 Source: http://html5test.com/
Total Score = 286 Source: http://html5test.com/
Total Score = 253 Source: http://html5test.com/
Total Score = 141 Source: http://html5test.com/
HTML5 test results Takeaways • The latest versions are increasing their support of HTML5 • The scores do not indicate that Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Opera are twice as good as Internet Explorer
How a JavaScript engine works Layout Engine Run-time Objects Interpret Code Parse Script Adapted from Tali Garsiel, How browsers work http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm,
SunSpider Tests March 2011 Scores in milliseconds, lower is better
JavaScript test results takeaways • Benchmarks include computationally heavy tasks which may not reflect real-world performance. • JavaScript performance outside of a browser is drastically faster than inside of a browser. • An improperly coded JavaScript performance test could be affected by a change to the browser’s layout engine.
