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Engineering Cellular Response with Nanopatterned Bulk Metallic Glass

Biomaterials implanted in the body often trigger a foreign body response, leading to material encapsulation in a collagen-rich protein capsule. Fibroblast cells play a crucial role in this process, which can result in biomaterial rejection or device failure. Nanopatterned Bulk Metallic Glasses (BMGs) offer a solution by altering fibroblast-material interactions, affecting protein complexes that influence cell-material adhesion. This approach can restrict collagen production in fibroblasts, potentially enhancing implant lifetime and reducing rejection risks. Research by J. Padmanabhan et al. in ACS Nano 2014 sheds light on this innovative engineering strategy.

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Engineering Cellular Response with Nanopatterned Bulk Metallic Glass

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  1. Engineering Cellular Response Using Nanopatterned Bulk Metallic Glass (BMG) a) Biomaterials implanted in the body evoke a “Foreign body response” which results in encapsulation of the material in a collagen-rich protein capsule. Fibroblast cells, which produce collagen, mediate this process that leads to biomaterial rejection / device failure in vivo. Surface nanotopography of BMGs can be used to engineer fibroblast-material interactions. As shown here, varying nanopattern BMG nanopattern dimensions (a) leads to changes in the formation and distribution of protein complexes that mediate cell-material adhesion in fibroblasts (b). This leads to a decrease in intracellular levels of Rho-A GTPase, a protein which is involved in cell spreading and cell function. Fibroblasts grown on nanopatterned BMGs display restricted cell spreading (c) and produce significantly less collagen (d). Thus, nanopatterned BMGs can limit collagen production in fibroblasts and may provide a viable approach to control biomaterial rejection and increase implant lifetime. b) c) d) J. Padmanabhan, E. Kinser, M. Stalter, C. Duncan-Lewis, J. Balestrini, A. Sawyer, J. Schroers, T. Kyriakides, Engineering Cellular Response Using Nanopatterned Bulk Metallic Glass. ACS Nano2014. NSF-MRSEC DMR-1119826 Center for Research on Interface Structures and Phenomena Yale University | Southern Connecticut State University

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