Country Paper Nepal

1. Country Paper Nepal For JMP workshop 5-7 August, 2008

2. Introduction • Area of 147,181 sq. km. • Ecological regions :Mountains, Hills and Terai with 35%, 42% and 23% • Population 2001census 23.2 million. Present: 27.0 million. • Population distribution : 7.2% in the Mountains, 44.3% in the Hills and 48.5% in the Terai • Administration: 75 districts ,3915 VDC @9 wards and 58 Municipalities • Urban as Municipalities 15%.

3. Water resources • Total water 225 Billion m3/annualy • Used 15 Billion m3 • Priority: Drinking water • Licenses are issued to UC by District water resources committee • Sources drying and become less during dry season • Ground water depleting and contaminated by As, Fe and bacteria • Sources maps are felt needed but not prepared yet.

4. National coverage official • Water: 76% (Urban-85, Rural- 74) • Sanitation: 46% (Urban-80, Rural- 40) • Government’s annual and periodic plan and programs are mainly based on these figures. Programs are also based on need and demands from the districts.

5. CBS figures 2001 • Water supply: 81% (Pipe- 53,Tube well -28) • Sanitation: 46% (Flush-16, Ordinary- 30) • These figures are also referred while giving priorities for budget planning. Sanitation figures of the CBS are generally referred • Figures on coverage available in the various reports must be the interpolation of these two data

6. MDG/National Targets • Water supply: 1990- 36%, 2015 -68% • Sanitation 1990 -6%, 2015 - 53% National programs are based on national targets • Water supply: 2017 -100% • Sanitation 2017 - 100%

7. Coverage

8. WATSAN Service level • Piped system in which taps are located near house within 150 meter or 15 minutes walking distance • At least 25 lpcd preferably 45 lpcd water • Acceptable quality • Taps run at least 4 hours a day for all 12 months. • Tube well with hand pump with similar indicators • Upgrading of service level with yard connection, 24 hour supply and increased supply • Flush or Pit toilets.

9. National WATSAN Data Collection • Reliable coverage data for planning, monitoring and reporting is the strongly felt-need for few years. • Government started nation wide survey on water and sanitation. • True coverage and functional status of water and sanitation can be better ascertained • Project status will be listed at VDC level with salient features and functional status. • Coverage by type of system will be reported at ward level. • Similarly sanitation coverage by type of toilet used will be reported at ward level. • VDC profile report will be prepared. • Summary data can be seen at district level with status of VDC too. • Now the only question is to update the data annually. • Once local government becomes active, these data can be updated at local level with proper guidance from center level.

10. Issues • Various Government and Non Government agencies are active in the sector, however, their responsibility are not very well demarcated and no coordination exists for data sharing • Nationwide data collection on Coverage and functional status has been initiated. This will give a acceptable data for planning, monitoring and reporting reliable progress status towards national and MDG goals. • A workable sector wide approach is necessary in terms of planning, monitoring and data management • The consensus on the basic data required and its importance is needed for global reporting.

11. Thank You