CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR

CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR 1819-1861

“person who wants to end slavery” • Answer - ABOLITIONIST • That is Fredrick Douglass, a famous abolitionist Bonus

“A series of hideouts and rest stops for runaway slaves leaving the south and attempting to get to Canada” • Answer – Underground Railroad

“Moses of the Underground Railroad” • Answer – Harriet Tubman

“Book that wanted to help end slavery” • Answer - Uncle Tom’s Cabin • That is Harriet Beecher Stowe …and the woman responsible?

The Missouri Compromise • Slave state… • Free state… • A dividing line… • Answer – Missouri was slave/Maine was free • The line was 36-30 N and Henry Clay was the creator …and the man who made it…

“A slavery ban on all lands added from the Mexican Cession (did NOT pass in Congress)” • Answer – The Wilmot Proviso David Wilmot of PA

“This power/right would let the states decide for themselves if they can have slaves.” • Answer – Popular Sovereignty

“Not all of us were abolitionists, but we all wanted to prevent the spread of slavery out west” The Free Soil Party

States have threatened to leave the Union before. What is that called? • Answer - Secession

“A runaway is also called…” • Answer – Fugitive Slave

The Compromise of 1850 • Enters as a free state… • Two states that get sovereignty on the slave issue… • Ended slave trade here… • Created a strict FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW that did what? • (You do not need to know the fifth part) • Answer – California is FREE, New Mexico and Utah get sovereignty, slave trade is ended in Washington DC • Fugitive Slave Law says you MUST help capture runaway slaves or get fined/jail time.

Created by Stephen Douglas, offered sovereignty to the last of the lands in the Louisiana Territory… • Answer – Kansas-Nebraska Act • “Bleeding Kansas” was the result. Led to this nickname….

Nickname for the pro-slavery people who left Missouri to spread slavery into Kansas… • Answer – Border Ruffians

The Caning of Senator ?? • By Preston Brooks • Over the issue of slavery • Answer – It was Senator Charles Sumner who was beaten.

“White abolitionist, vigilante and martyr” who led a massacre at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas • Answer – That’s John Brown!

_________???________, born a slave, had been taken by his master into the free portion of the Louisiana territory. Upon his master's death, he sued in Missouri for his freedom, on the grounds that since slavery was outlawed in the free territory, he had become a free man there, and "once free always free." . • Answer – That’s Dred Scott

Dred Scott Decision 1. The Court ruled Scott, as a slave, could not sue in federal court. 2. Chief Justice Taney and the other Supreme Court Justices went on to rule the Missouri Compromise of 1820 was unconstitutional since Congress could not forbid citizens from taking their “property” (slaves) into any territory owned by the United States. What were the THREE decisions made by the Supreme Court during this lawsuit?

Dred Scott Decision “A slave”, Taney ruled, “was property, nothing more, and could never be a citizen”. Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Roger B. Taney Dred Scott

When Lincoln ran for Illinois Senate, who was his opponent?

The Lincoln-Douglas debates were a series of formal political debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas in a campaign for one of Illinois' two United States Senate seats. Although Lincoln lost the election, these debates launched him into national prominence which eventually led to his election as President of the United States. The debates were held in seven Illinois cities.

John Brown's Raid on Harper's Ferry Virginia ???????????? LOCATION????????????? “I, John Brown, am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away, but with blood….”

John Brown’s goal was to use the weapons seized to lead a slave uprising. After 2 days of fighting, Brown & his surviving men were taken prisoner by U.S. marines commanded by Colonel Robert E. Lee. His GOAL? Who captured him and his raiders?

Brown was tried for conspiracy, treason and murder. He was hanged. To the end, he believed he had been “an instrument in the hand of God”. What was the outcome of Brown’s (REAL) trial? Northerners praised him and southerners hated him. He was considered a “martyr.”

The Election of 1860

The 1860 election was a direct cause of the secession of the southern states and the outbreak of the Civil War. What is Secession? Abraham Lincoln Republicans

Four parties ran candidates in the 1860 election Name TWO other men who ran against Lincoln in the election. Northern Democrats Republicans Winner with 10 states not even having him on the ballot Stephen Douglas Abraham Lincoln Constitutional Union Southern Democrats John Breckinridge John Bell

The SOUTH’s vote didn’t count at all!!!! Republicans Winner? With only ?????% of the votes? Abraham Lincoln LOOK!!! Where is the sovereignty??

Lincoln scored a big victory in electoral votes but he received less than 40% of the popular vote

SECESSION

????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????was the first state to leave the Union.

The Election of Abraham Lincoln was the trigger which set off the first wave of secession in the southern slave states.

The ????????????????????????was created and ????????????????????? was THEIR president!

A crisis soon developed as the new Southern/Confederate Government starting seizing federal forts and installations located in seceding states. This included ??????????????? located in the harbor of Charleston South Carolina. COMMANDER ?????????? and officers in command of the federal garrison at Fort Sumter

Fort Sumter was running out of supplies when Lincoln assumed the presidency. On (EXACT DATE?) Confederate batteries opened fire on the fort. The Civil War began! The bombardment of Fort Sumter was the opening engagement of the American Civil War. Who won this battle?

Southern states seceded after Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteer soldiers to put down the rebellion of the breakaway states. A bloody four year conflict began that would take the lives of 600,000 Americans and devastate the South.

The American Civil War has Begun! (“The War of Northern Aggression”)

CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR