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DIGITAL DESIGN WITH QUARTUS WORKSHOP

DIGITAL DESIGN WITH QUARTUS WORKSHOP. by Dr. Junaid Ahmed Zubairi Dept of Computer Science SUNY at Fredonia, Fredonia NY. Workshop Outline. Introduction to the workshop and setting targets Combinational and sequential logic Quartus-II package features and usage guide Hands on VHDL (Lab1)

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DIGITAL DESIGN WITH QUARTUS WORKSHOP

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  1. DIGITAL DESIGN WITH QUARTUS WORKSHOP by Dr. Junaid Ahmed Zubairi Dept of Computer Science SUNY at Fredonia, Fredonia NY

  2. Workshop Outline • Introduction to the workshop and setting targets • Combinational and sequential logic • Quartus-II package features and usage guide • Hands on VHDL (Lab1) • VHDL design units • Designing a simple circuit and its testing (Lab2) • Design of a sequential logic circuit (lab3) • Design project

  3. Introduction and Setting Targets • This workshop is about using VHDL for VLSI design • Participants are expected to learn a subset of VHDL features using Altera Quartus-II platform

  4. What is VHDL? • VHDL is VHSIC (Very High Speed Integrated Circuits) Hardware Description Language • VHDL is designed to describe the behavior of the digital systems • It is a design entry language • VHDL is concurrent • Using VHDL test benches, we can verify our design • VHDL integrates nicely with low level design tools

  5. Why VHDL? • It is IEEE standard (1076 and 1164) • VHDL includes VITAL (IEEE 1076.4), using which the timing information can be annotated to a simulation model • VHDL has hierarchical design units • Learning VHDL and Verilog is easy; mastering is difficult • VHDL and Verilog are identical in functionality

  6. VHDL Within VLSI Design Cycle • VLSI design starts with (not always!!) capturing an idea on the back of an envelope • From the specifications, one needs to construct a behavioral description of the circuit • When one describes how information flows between registers in a design, it is called RTL (register transfer level)

  7. VHDL Within VLSI Design Cycle • A structure level description defines the circuit in terms of a collection of components • VHDL supports behavioral, RTL and structural descriptions, thus supporting various levels of abstraction • Most VHDL users prefer RTL descriptions and use VHDL as input to the synthesis process • Synthesis tools then optimize and compile the design as per specified constraints and map to target devices as per libraries

  8. VHDL Within VLSI Design Cycle • Gate level simulation is conducted to verify the design; using the same test vectors that were generated for RTL simulation • Finally the place and route tools are used for layout generation and timing closure

  9. PLD Design Flow Design Specification Design Entry/RTL Coding - Behavioral or Structural Description of Design RTL Simulation -Functional Simulation (Modelsim®, Quartus II) - Verify Logic Model & Data Flow (No Timing Delays) M512 LE Synthesis - Translate Design into Device Specific Primitives - Optimization to Meet Required Area & Performance Constraints - Precision, Synplify, Quartus II M4K I/O Place & Route - Map Primitives to Specific Locations inside Target Technology with Reference to Area & Performance Constraints - Specify Routing Resources to Be Used

  10. PLD Design Flow Timing Analysis - Verify Performance Specifications Were Met - Static Timing Analysis tclk Gate Level Simulation -Timing Simulation - Verify Design Will Work in Target Technology PC Board Simulation & Test -Simulate Board Design - Program & Test Device on Board - Use SignalTap II for Debugging

  11. Quartus-II Software • We will be using Quartus-II software by Altera • This package allows us to write and compile VHDL designs and perform RTL simulation with waveforms • Please download Quartus-II from www.altera.com if not installed already • Install the license by requesting 30-days grace period. After the expiry of the 30-days period, You can redirect the license to the redwood.cs.fredonia.edu server. We have three floating licenses set up for full version.

  12. Quartus II Development System • Fully-Integrated Design Tool • Multiple Design Entry Methods • Logic Synthesis • Place & Route • Simulation • Timing & Power Analysis • Device Programming

  13. More Features • MegaWizard® & SOPC Builder Design Tools • LogicLock™ Optimization Tool • NativeLink® 3rd-Party EDA Tool Integration • Integrated Embedded Software Development • SignalTap® II & SignalProbe™ Debug Tools • Windows, Solaris, HPUX, & Linux Support • Node-Locked & Network Licensing Options • Revision Control Interface

  14. Quartus II Operating Environment

  15. Main Toolbar & Modes Dynamic menus Floorplans Compiler Report Execution Controls Window & new file buttons To Reset Views: Tools Toolbars>Reset All; Restart Quartus II

  16. Exercise-PreLab1: Feel the Menus • Launch the Quartus-II software and identify the main menu item that leads to the following choices: • New Project Wizard • Compilation icon and menu item • Generate Functional Simulation Netlist • Start Simulation item and icon • License Setup • Open recent files and projects • Launch a new file

  17. Lab-1 • Lab-1 is a short and simple project designed to get you started in shortest possible time • Lab-1 handout will be distributed separately • Lab-1 calls for designing a half-adder in VHDL and simulating it in Quartus-II

  18. VHDL Syntax • You may use UPPERCASE for reserved words in VHDL and lowercase words for your chosen names but it is not necessary • The basic building blocks of VHDL design are ENTITY declaration and ARCHITECTURE body • The VHDL file name must be the same as the ENTITY name

  19. VHDL Syntax • ENTITY declaration treats the design as a black box. It just names the inputs and outputs as ports • It does not specify how the circuit works • The last entry in the port declaration is not followed by a semicolon • Each signal has a signal mode (IN, OUT or BUFFER) and a signal type (BIT, BIT_VECTOR, STD_LOGIC, STD_LOGIC_VECTOR)

  20. VHDL Syntax • Std_logic and std_logic_vector are part of IEEE library. They allow additional values ‘-’(don’t care), ‘Z’ (hi-Z) and ‘X’ (indeterminate) • In order to use IEEE values, you should use the following statements: • library ieee; • use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;

  21. Architecture • The functional relation between the input and output signals is described by the architecture body • Only one architecture body should be bound to an entity, although many architecture bodies can be defined • Architecture body can be written in many different ways

  22. Data Flow Style • We have used the concurrent assignment statements in Lab-1 code: • sum<=A xor B; • carry<= A and B; • The concurrent assignment takes place based on the activity on RHS of the arrow

  23. Structural Style • We can also describe the architecture based on a list of components used and mapping of our circuit’s signals to the inputs and outputs of the components • Usually it is done to build a circuit that uses several independent design units

  24. Using Components • Begin with the design of bottom units in VHDL • Save each unit in a separate VHDL file declaring it as a new project in Quartus-II • Design the top unit next as a new project, placing bottom units in the VHDL file as components • Name the project as the top unit , include the bottom unit files in the project and then compile • Next lab places half adders as components in a full adder

  25. Lab-2 • Lab-2 uses two half adders to build a full adder as shown in the next slide • It is important to define the internal connectors as “signal” variables in VHDL code • Signals will connect the two half adders as shown. • All signals must be named and defined in the architecture body

  26. Lab 2: Full Adder Design

  27. Lab 3 • library ieee; • use ieee.std_logic_1164.all; • entity adderfour is • port (Cin:in std_logic; • x:in std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); • y:in std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); • s:out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); • Cout:out std_logic); • end adderfour;

  28. Lab 3 • architecture compo of adderfour is • signal c1,c2,c3:std_logic; • component full_adder • port (X,Y,Cin:in std_logic; • sum,Cout:out std_logic); • end component; • begin • stage0:full_adder port map (Cin,x(0),y(0),s(0),c1); • stage1:full_adder port map (c1, x(1),y(1),s(1),c2); • stage2:full_adder port map (c2,x(2),y(2),s(2),c3); • stage3:full_adder port map (c3,x(3),y(3),s(3),Cout); • end compo;

  29. Components • The source code shown builds a four-bit ripple carry adder • It uses four 1-bit full adders as components • The structural style is just like specifying a network with all its inputs, outputs and intermediate wires • All intermediate wires are declared in the architecture body as signals

  30. Using Vectors • Instead of naming each wire separately, we group them together and give them a common name • For example, in a 4-bit adder, we use four inputs x3,x2,x1,x0 • We can also declare a vector called X. • X :in std_logic_vector(3 downto 0); • X(3), X(2), X(1), X(0) can be referred individually

  31. Lab 4: Design of a Simple Circuit • Using VHDL, design a simple 4-bit 2-function combo box that accepts two four bit numbers (A,B) and produces the complement of ‘A’ if a control input C is ‘0’ otherwise it sets the output to the result of logical AND (A AND B). Test your circuit with one set of different inputs and one set of identical inputs. For example {1011} and {1001, 0110}

  32. Clock Signal • Synchronous Sequential circuits require the use of a clock signal. Clock signal can be generated easily in VHDL • As an example, look at the following code segment: • Clk <= not(Clk) after 10ns; • The Clk wire is assigned its opposite value after 10ns. • In Quartus, you generate clock waveform by editing the .vwf file. Select clk input and use “Overwrite Clock” option

  33. Sequential Logic • Design of an edge triggered D flip flop • (Demo) • Adding asynchronous reset to the flip flop • (Demo) • How do you convert it to latch?

  34. Sequential (VHDL code) • library ieee; • use ieee.std_logic_1164.all; • entity my_ff is • port (D,clk,reset:in std_logic; Q:out std_logic); • end my_ff;

  35. Sequential (VHDL code) • architecture synch of my_ff is • begin • process (clk,reset) • begin • if reset='1' then • Q <='0'; • elsif clk='1' and clk'EVENT then • Q<=D; • end if; • end process; • end synch;

  36. Explanation • The source code shown implements a D flip flop that is rising edge triggered and uses asynchronous reset • The rising edge is detected by the following statement: • elsif clk='1' and clk'EVENT then Q<=D; • This statement says that if clk has a current value of 1 and if there has been an event on the clk line, assign Q the value of D • Asynchronous reset is achieved by first checking if reset has a value 1

  37. Behavior Modeling With Process • In the D flip flop design, we have introduced the 3rd type of architecture body, i.e. sequential flow • Sequential execution is implemented in VHDL with process() statement. • A process consists of a sensitivity list and a series of statements to be executed in the order in which they are written • The process is called as soon as the value of any one member of the sensitivity list is changed

  38. Lab 5 • Build 8-bit parallel load register by using eight D flip flops as components • Demonstrate its working by simulation

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