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1. Hungary Greece Bulgaria Estonia LatviaItaly Romania Germany COMENIUS Project in Greece 2nd Vocational Lyceum of Peristeri 16th –21st January 2013 2οΕΠΑΛΠΕΡΙΣΤΕΡΙΟΥ 2nd Vocational Lyceum of Peristeri

2. ‘’Your Europe – democratic shaping and sharing’’ Η διαδικασία της δημιουργίας και της ανάπτυξης τηςδημοκρατίαςαπό την αρχαία Ελλάδα μέχρι σήμερα The process of creation and development of democracy from ancient Greece till today. Peristeri-Athens 2013

3. pt The process of creation And development of democracy From ancient Greece to today 16-21 January 2nd EPA.L. Peristeri-Athens

4. Overview of the Athenian Archons • 594-558 – Solon • 550-527 – Pisistratus • 527-515 – Hipparchus • 515-508 – Hippias • 513-507 – Cleisthenes • 479-461 – Cimon • 461-429 – Pericles • 429-422 - Cleon

5. GREECE Located in southeastern Europe, Greece is defined by a series of mountains and surrounded on all sides except the north by water.

6. The Delian League Thasos Lesbos Delos Naxos Melos

7. Ancient Greek View of the World

9. GREECE ThePOLIS (city-state) consisted of a city and its surrounding plains and valleys. The nucleus of the polis was the elevated, fortified site called the ACROPOLIS where people could take refuge from attack. With the revival of commerce, a TRADING CENTER developed below the acropolis.

10. Four major TYPES OF GOVERNMENT evolved in ancient Greece: • Monarchy (rule of a king) limited by an aristocratic council and a popular assembly. • Oligarchy (rule of the few) arising when the aristocratic council ousted the king and abolished the assembly. • Tyranny (rule by one who ruled without legal authority) riding to power on the discontent of the lower classes. • Democracy (rule of the people), the outstanding political achievement of the Greeks. GREECE

11. Cleisthenes: "The Father of Democracy" He was born in 570 BC and died in 507 and was an Athenian noble. He introduced the system of democracy in Athens,that is why he is called “the father of the Athenian democracy.”

12. Cleisthenes broke up the power of noble families, divided Athens into 10 tribes based on where its citizens lived. He made tribes, not families, social groups and he put up the basis for elections.He introduced ‘’SISACTHEIA’’ which means that he legislated for the poor citizens of Athens not to pay for their debts so as not to lose their freedom, and their rights

13. Pericles • He was born in 490 and died in 429 B.C. • He came from a wealthy family , with strong political aspects about democracy of that time. • He began his early career in the military service and he became a general.

14. The People Pericles understood that the value of human existence rested in the citizens’ ability and determination. He believed that anyone who did not have an interest in politics or the affairs of the state had no position in the state at all .

15. Pericles believed that the people should be equally represented at all levels . He worked to ensure that every Athenian had land and some link to their state and its government. He believed that any man could benefit his country, no matter the obscurity of his condition (in life). ‘’Our political system is called a democracy because power is in the hands not of a minority but of all the citizens’’.

16. Democracy Pericles brought,the ideals of democracy to Athens and Greece as well. He was a democrat ,a liberal in theory and a realist in practices concerning faith.

17. Pericles’s Plans for Athens He became the leading archon of Athens throughout the Golden Age. 461-429 BC, known as the age of Pericles His aims were to a)strengthen democracy b) hold and strengthen the empire c) glorify Athens

18. The Age of Pericles Pericles brought great changes to the government of Greece He also brought great changes to the nature of art and progress of his time. The great structures of Greece, The New Temple of Athena (The Parthenon) among others, were built during his time. This jewel of ‘’The Golden Age of Pericles’’ built in honor of Athena, patroness of Athens, is considered by experts to be the most perfect building ever created by man.

19. For 50 years (477-431 BC) Athens grew intellectually and artistically = Golden Age of Athens Achievements in: Drama Sculpture Poetry Philosophy Architecture Science

20. Glorious Art and Architecture Aim: Greatest Greek artists/architects to glorify Athens. During the Golden Age there existed peace between Athens and Sparta, something that showed the power and glory of the city of Athens. When the Peloponnesian war started, the city began to lose its power and wealth, because the Athenians surrendered and the Spartans gained the prestige they fought for.

21. The Parthenon Today

22. The Acropolis of Athens Erechtheion Erechtheum King’s Shrine Theater of Dionysius Pinakotheke Parthenon Stoa of Eumenes Odeum of Herodes Atticus (Roman) Sanctuary of Asclepius

23. Pnyx Hill

24. DEMOCRACY • DIRECT PARTICIPATION in the Assembly which every male citizen was entitled to attend as often as he pleased was one of the keys of the Athenian DEMOCRACY. • Right to DEBATE, • Offer AMENDMENTS, • Vote on PROPOSALS. • Every man had a say in whether to declare WAR or stay in PEACE..