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TECNOLOGIAS DE ARMAZENAMENTO DE INFORMAÇÃO ESPACIAL

TECNOLOGIAS DE ARMAZENAMENTO DE INFORMAÇÃO ESPACIAL. Specialty Servers For Different Kinds Of Data Data Isolation Multiple proprietary formats High Systems Admin and Management Costs Scalability Problems High Training Costs Complex Support Problems.

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TECNOLOGIAS DE ARMAZENAMENTO DE INFORMAÇÃO ESPACIAL

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  1. TECNOLOGIAS DE ARMAZENAMENTO DE INFORMAÇÃO ESPACIAL

  2. Specialty Servers For Different Kinds Of Data Data Isolation Multiple proprietary formats High Systems Admin and Management Costs Scalability Problems High Training Costs Complex Support Problems Spatial data and ITCoexistence or integration ? Enterprise IT GIS GIS Applications Database Applications

  3. From GIS to Spatial to Location Yesterday Today Application Application Application Open APIs Proprietary APIs Monolithic GIS GML SQL WMS WFS … Mapping Server Spatial DB Middleware Proprietary or Generic DBMS Connection Traditional DBMS Spatially-Aware Database

  4. Rendering Analysis Capture Data Where does Oracle fit in a Spatial/GIS System Storage

  5. Key Technologies Manage commercial and customer geospatial data(Oracle Database includes NAVTEQ boundary data for 60+ countries) Data Convert addresses into coordinates Geocode Find Proximity, Location, Containment Analyze Add Maps & Reports to your Application Display

  6. Support for all geometry types Points, lines, polygons, solids 2D data support All Spatial Searches Measurement functions: distance, area, length Utility, tuning and validation functions Full Coordinate Systems support Long Transactions Parallel spatial query & index builds Table Partitioning Object Replication Includes all Locator features + Spatial processing functions Buffer, centroid, convex hull, etc Overlays: union, intersect, minus, … Spatial Aggregates Geocoder Engine Linear Referencing Network Data Model Routing engine GeoRaster Data Type Topology Data Model Spatial Analytical Functions Specialized 3D types (LIDAR, TINS) OGC Web Services (WFS, OpenLS) Oracle Locator Oracle Spatial Included in Oracle Database – All Editions A cost option of Oracle Database Enterprise Edition

  7. ORACLE Spatial

  8. SDO_GEOMETRY Object • SDO_GEOMETRY object: • Example: SDO_GTYPE NUMBER SDO_SRID NUMBER SDO_POINT SDO_POINT_TYPE SDO_ELEM_INFO SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY SDO_ORDINATES SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY SQL> CREATE TABLE us_states ( 2 state VARCHAR2(30), 3 totpop NUMBER(9), 4 geom SDO_GEOMETRY);

  9. Element Example: Point • Load the SDO_POINT field to optimize point data storage. SQL> INSERT INTO US_CITIES (id, city, …, location ) 2> VALUES (203, ‘Someplace’, … , 3> SDO_GEOMETRY ( 4> 2001, 8307, 5> SDO_POINT_TYPE (-75.2, 43.7, null), 6> null, null) 7> );

  10. Element Types Summarized Number Element Type Interpretation 0 UNKNOWN_ELEMENT 1 POINT # of points in collection; or 0 - oriented point 2 LINESTRING 1 - Straight lines 2 - Circular arcs 3 POLYGON 1 - Straight lines 1003 (Outer) 2 - Circular arcs 2003 (Inner) 3 - Optimized rectangle 4 - Circle 4 COMPOUND LINESTRING # of type 2 subelements that make up the line string 5 COMPOUND POLYGON # of type 2 subelements that make up1005 (Outer) the polygon 2005 (Inner)

  11. Spatial Operators vs. Spatial Functions • Spatial operators: • Require a spatial index on the first geometry specified in the operator • Take advantage of spatial indexes • Appear only in the WHERE clause • Implicitly transform the coordinate system of the window, if required • Spatial functions: • Do not take advantage of spatial indexes • Can be used on small tables that are not spatially indexed • Can be used in the SELECT list and the WHERE clause • If requiring two geometries, both must exist in the same coordinate system.

  12. Spatial (Topological) Relationships A A A B B B Contains Inside Contains Inside Covers Coveredby B A B OverlapBdyDisjoint A Disjoint A B Covers On

  13. Operators SDO_FILTER: Performs a primary filter only SDO_RELATE: Returns all geometries that have some spatial relationship with a geometry SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE: Returns all geometries that are within some distance from a geometry SDO_NN: Returns the N nearest neighbors from a geometry Functions SDO_GEOM.RELATE Compares two geometries SDO_GEOM.SDO_DISTANCE Measures the distance between two geometries Spatial Operators vs. Spatial Functions

  14. SDO_RELATE Example • Find all the parks fully inside the state of Wyoming SELECT p.id, p.name FROM us_parks p, us_states s WHERE s.state = 'Wyoming' AND SDO_INSIDE ( p.geom, s.geom ) = 'TRUE';

  15. SDO_GEOM.RELATE Example SELECT c.county, sdo_geom.relate (s.geom,'determine',c.geom, 0.5) relationship FROM us_states s, us_counties c WHERE s.state = 'New Jersey' AND s.state = c.state; • Determine the relationship of the state of New Jersey to its counties: COUNTY RELATIONSHIP ------------------------------- -------------- Atlantic COVERS Cape May COVERS Cumberland COVERS Essex CONTAINS …

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