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Key Concepts of Détente and Political Changes in Post-Soviet Era

This vocabulary summary highlights critical terms and figures that shaped modern geopolitical transitions, particularly during the Cold War's conclusion and the subsequent reforms in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Key topics include Détente, the role of leaders like Ronald Reagan, Mikhail Gorbachev, and Boris Yeltsin, as well as movements such as Solidarity in Poland. It also covers significant policies like Glasnost and Perestroika, and issues like NATO, ethnic cleansing, and the impact of the Global Economy.

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Key Concepts of Détente and Political Changes in Post-Soviet Era

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  1. Chap 11 Modern Issues Vocabulary

  2. 1) Détente- The easing of strained relations (US and USSR) 2)Ronald Reagan- President of the United States who helped end the Cold War 3) Politburo- Ruling Committee for the Communist Party 4) Glasnost- Policy of Openness and loosening of totalitarian control in the Soviet Union under Gorbachev 5) Mikhail Gorbachev-Soviet Premier who initiated the reform movements of Glasnost and Perestroika

  3. 6) Perestroika- series of economic and political reforms instituted by Gorbachev in the Soviet Union • 7) Boris Yeltsin- the first directly elected President • of the newly established Russian • 8) CIS- loose federation of former Soviet territories • 9) Shock therapy- bold plan by Yeltsin to introduce • free-market economics to the Russian Federation • 10) Chechnya – a largely Muslim area of Russian that fought against Russia for their independence • 11) Solidarity-Social movement in Poland that used civil resistance to bring about social and political change

  4. 12) Lech Walesa- Leader of the Polish Solidarity Movement 13) Reunification- the Merging of the Democratic West Germany and Communist East Germany 14) Helmut Kohl- Chancellor of the newly reunified Germany 15) Ethnic cleansing- the extermination of a certain religious or ethnic group 16) Slobodan Milosevic- President of Serbia that was convicted of war crimes due to the Kosovo rebellion 17) Kosovo- region of Serbia made up of ethnic Albanians

  5. 18) Deng Xiaoping- Chinese ruler that adopted Capitalist ideas to reform the economy of Communist • China • 19) Four Modernizations- Reform movement that incorporated Capitalist ideals in Communist China • 20) Tiananmen Square- Public area in Beijing, China where a Chinese student protest was staged • 21) Genetic Engineering- Direct human manipulation of an organism's genetic code using modern DNA technology

  6. 22) Green Revolution- Agricultural campaign to increase food production worldwide by using modern techniques 23) Sustainable Growth- Meeting current economic needs while preserving the environment and conserving resources for future generation 24) Ozone layer- layer of the atmosphere that protects the Earth from the Sun’s damaging ultraviolent rays 25)Nuclear Proliferation- Spread of Nuclear weapons or technology to other countries 26) SALT Treaty- Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty that limited the amount of nuclear weapons

  7. 27) Free Trade- the elimination of trade barriers 28) Global Economy-Financial interactions that cross international borders 29) Universal Declaration of Human Rights- Human Rights standards set by the United Nations

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