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Exporter (Seller)

SALES AGREEMENT. Importer(Buyer). Exporter (Seller). Goods. Bulk cargoes. General Cargoes + Containers. Tramp. Liner. MARINE TRANSPORTATION. MARINE TRANSPORTATION. TRAMP. LINER.

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Exporter (Seller)

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  1. SALES AGREEMENT Importer(Buyer) Exporter (Seller) Goods Bulk cargoes General Cargoes + Containers Tramp Liner MARINE TRANSPORTATION

  2. MARINE TRANSPORTATION TRAMP LINER TRAMP: The tramp, or general trader as she is often called, does not operate on a fixed sailing schedule, but merely trades in all parts of the world in search of cargo, primarily bulk cargo.* LINER SERVICES:These are services of carriage of goods by sea on board container vessels or modified general cargo vessels that the carriers or operators operate regularly at advertised dates between selected ports or ranges of portsat advertised freight rates or “tariffs”.* * Sources:Görkem ÖVÜL / Soner ESMER , Main Liner and Bulk Routes ,Practice Guide, Practice No: MB I-2 P.1

  3. LINER TRANSPORTATION

  4. THE SHIPS DEPLOYED IN LINER TRANSPORTATION

  5. THE SHIPS DEPLOYED IN LINER TRANSPORTATION

  6. THE SHIPS DEPLOYED IN LINER TRANSPORTATION

  7. THE SHIPS DEPLOYED IN LINER TRANSPORTATION

  8. FREIGHT MARKET IN LINER SHIPPING Ship agent Carriers Shippers Ship agent Freight Forwarder THE AGENT: A PERSON OR CORPORATE ENTITY WHO ACTS ON BEHALF OF ANOTHER PARTY AND HAS THE AUTHORITY TO BIND HIS PRINCIPLES IN MATTERS OF CONTRACT (Laterche, 1998) • Forwarder : A person or a company who acts on behalf of cargo interests (shipper or consignee) and organizes or arranges transport and logistics services and provides professional advice and support, ie.international trade procedures. • (Deveci,2002) Boking Note(B/N) Bill of Lading

  9. TRAMP MARKET

  10. THE SHIPS DEPLOYED IN TRAMP TRANSPORTATION

  11. PANAMAX BULK CARRIER

  12. TANKER

  13. SALES AGREEMENT Importer(Buyer) Exporter(Seller) Sales Terms CIF FOB Charterers Chartereres

  14. THE CHARTERING MARKET Charterers Carriers Chartereres’ Broker Shipbroker Broker: Indipendent intermediary between the ship owner (or his representative or brokers) and the charterer (or his broker or representative) Competitive Broker Documents: Charter Party Bill of Lading

  15. CHARTERING “A charter means that the owner or disponent owner in one way or another promises to put a vessel or a certain transportation capacity at the disposal of the charterer. The charterer, in his turn, promises to pay the agreed freight or hire”

  16. Shipowners • The owners of a vessel are the persons or companies officially registered as owners of the ship

  17. Disponent owner • A person or company which “displaces” or takes the place of legal, registered owner.

  18. What is a charterer ? • The person or corporation hiring a ship for the carriage of goods or passengers (either a “time charterer” or a “voyage charterer”) or leasing the ship for his own management and control (a “bareboatdemise charterer”).

  19. What is a broker (shipbroker) ? • Broker is a person who acts as a “middleman” between two parties and negotiates the terms of a contract into which the two parties enter. • The broker acts as an agent and usually represents only one of the parties, negotiating with the other party directly or with another broker representing the other side.

  20. What is a charterparty ? • It is a document that contains the details of the charter or contract. • While the shipowner and charterer are called the “parties to the charter”, the word “party” in “charterparty” originates from the old Latin phrase “ carta (or “charta”) partita” for the contract to use a ship .

  21. “Carta partita” signified that it was a divided documents in more than on “part” because facilities for making copies were not easyly available in those times. • Standart-form charterparties are common today for various types of contracts and different trades. These have printed clauses and and can have “rider clauses” added after negotiation between the parties to the contract.

  22. The charterer may have charter the whole vessel. (all the space in the vessel) The charterer delivers “Full and complete cargo” The space or slot charter Different Types of Chartering(Capacity point of view)

  23. Different Types of Chartering(Functional point of view) • Voyage Chartering • Time Chartering • Bareboat Chartering

  24. TYPES OF CHARTERS Bareboat C (Carrier) . Time charter (Carrier) Voyage Charter Preriod T/C Trip T/C Demise charter Single trip Round Trip Bareboat C/P Time Charter Party Voyage C/P

  25. TYPES OF CHARTERS Bareboat C (Carrier) . Bareboat (or Demise) Charter : The charterer leases the vessel from the owner and takes full control and management of the vessel, appointing the Master and crew. The charterers provide stores, bunkers and undertakes repairs, insurances and dry docking. Demise charter Bareboat C/P Sources: Nick Collins,The Essential Guide to Chartering and the Dry Freight Market, 2000,p.171.

  26. TYPES OF CHARTERS Timecharter:The charterers hires the vessel for a specified time within certain pre arranged geographical limits. The commercial control of the vessel lies with the charterer who directs the master and crew but the management and the maintanence of the vessel and the appointment of the master and crew remain with the owner The charterer is responsible for arranging for bunkers , canal dues and all port charges. Time charter (Carrier) Preriod T/C Trip T/C Single trip Round Trip Time Charter Party Sources: Nick Collins,The Essential Guide to Chartering and the Dry Freight Market, 2000,p.171.

  27. Consecutive Voyage Charter Contract of Affreitment (COA) Single Voyage Full cargo Part cargo Voyage Charter :The charterer will charter part or the whole of the carrying capacity of the ship to carry a cargo loading at named port or ports or at agreed number of specified ports and discharge the cargo at a named port or ports or an agreed nuber of specified ports or range of ports.

  28. Contract of Affreightment (quantity contract): The owner promises to satisfy the charterer’s need for transport capacity over a certain period of time , often one year or several years. Consecutive Voyages: A special type of voyage charter where the vessel is contracted for several voyages which follow consecutively upon each other. Sometimes the C/P states that the ship will make a certain number of consecutive voyages and sometimes that she wil make as many voyages as she may perform during a certain period of time. Source: Gorton Lars, Ihre Rolf, Sandevarn Arne,Shipbroking and Chartering Practice,Fifth Edition, 1999,p.114-118

  29. Allocation of Costs

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