Effective and long-lasting treatment with ReVive

1. Effective and long-lasting treatment withReVive Targeting Fusarium disease in Canary Island Date Palms

2. Signs of Infection

3. What is Fusarium Oxysporum? • A fungus known as a “cosmopolitan” pathogen, found rather abundantly in many agricultural species • Symptoms: vascular wilt, yellows, corm root, root rot, and damping-off • Most significant symptom: vascular wilt which is the cause of most disease symptoms in the canary island date palm Fusarium oxysporum in culture

4. Disease pathogenesis Active in between infected states in soil as saprophyte (organism feeding off dead plant material) Begins infection by invading plant’s root tips and advances through root cortex intercellularly • Penetrates plant vasculature (xylem) through xylem pits • After penetrating xylem the organism branches and produces microconidia (spores), these spores are carried throughout the plant by the sap stream • As spores germinate new organisms invade adjacent xylem vessels by penetrating xylem pits laterally

5. The spread of Fusarium occurs because infectious spores are produced on top of the dead tissue Stomatal closure Leaves wilt which leads to plant death Fusarium’s Mode of Action Fungus growth in vascular tissue (affecting plants’ water supply)

6. Dark splotches are vascular bundles infected with fusarium Evidence of Fusarium in plant vasculature Cross-section of infected grape plant, dark areas on right hemisphere are infected vascular bundles Fusarium in root vasculature with green fluorescent probe attached Cross-section of Canary Island Date Palm

7. Analysis of ReVive • Field analysis performed by Western Farm Service (WFS) • Soil analysis performed by Simplot Soilbuilders & Western Laboratories • In vitro analysis performed by independent plant pathologist

8. Field Analysis Test Field: Two Acres of Aromas Strawberries (unfumigated) Gilbert Yerena, Elkhorn Road, Watsonfield, CA Analyst: Jose Garcia, Western Farm Service Principal Investigator: Jack May, PhD, Agronomist Observations: 45 days after treatment of 1gpa Gladiator (now known as Revive) a dramatic difference favoring the treated area was noted.

9. Soil Analysis Funded by: Simplot soilbuilders Performed by: Harry Kreeft, Nematologist/Plant Pathologist Western Laboratories, Inc. Conclusion: ReVive outperformed competitors as a methyl bromide (ozone depletor) alternative in strawberries Propagules Fusarium per Gram detected

10. Invitro Analysis “ I finished the Fusarium Trial and am pleased to be able to report that Gladiator (2 tsp/gallon) suppressed Fusarium wilt on Cyclamen…” “I can tell you that Gladiator has worked on Pythium (three trials), Fusarium (two trials), cylindrocladium and Ervinia (one trial each).” -- Dr. Ann Chase, Plant Pathologist

11. How to keep your Canary Island Date Palm Healthy • Understand where are possibilities of infection • How to prevent infections • What strategic (long term) management can maintain optimum growth conditions

12. Sources of Infection • Soil with bad drainage can have a high level of pathogens • Infected tools for pruning (I.e. saw, gloves, ladder, or clothing) • Use of the same saw for pruning both the fruits and fronds • Multiple stressors occurring simultaneously

13. Preventing Infection • Treat infected soil quarterly • New saw per palm; avoid contact with soil • Sterilize saw with bleach and torch • Replace gloves • Sterilize ladder after contact with every palm

14. Environmental Stressorsand how to manage them strategically • Drought - water control Deep watering less frequent in the fall to promote root growth • Salts - proper fertilizer application • Mechanical Damage- pruning time, tools etc. • PathogensConsult plant pathologists • Extreme temperatures Deep watering during high temperature extremes • Pests Consult Pest Control Advisors

15. Visual presence of excessive ABA in palms: • Frond discoloration and decline, excessive fruit, and stunted growth • In diseased fronds ABA levels 50-300% higher compared to healthy fronds • Above average fruit set but evident lack of new fronds • Consistent observation in xylem sap and frond tissues  Drought stress  Salt stress  Temp. stress Inducers of ABA What is Abscisic Acid (ABA)? • ABA is a regulatory molecule in plants and an important signal in triggering plant response to environmental stresses.  • Most effects of ABA seem to be related to water availability, acting as a signal of reduced water availability. ABA conserves water by reducing water loss, slowing growth and mediating adaptive responses.  

16. How ReVive via ABA signaling can restore palm health RESTORATION of normal ABA levels • ReVive contains a purer form of NPK. When NPK is applied in a timely manner, ABA equilibrium is restored. • Application of ReVive directly to xylem and phloem (using a special proprietary applicatior) ABA equilibrium is restored.

17. 18 months treatment Results and Testimonials Restoration of palm frond growth by ReVive in extreme diseased state.

18. 12 months treatment Marked improvement after treatment withReVive “Abartis Chemical Co. has been treating these trees and it now appears that the two trees have been cured of the disease.” -- Richard Fowler, owner of residence above

19. Treatment of palms for less than a year’s time shows prominent reversal of vascular wilt and frond death associated with fusarium oxysporum “Mr. Alyeshmerni helped save some of our Canary Island Date Palms from fusarium disease…. Since he has begun treating our palms…they are disease free and growing beautifully.” --Arnold Belinsky, homeowner

20. Cursory Overview of ReVive Treatment • Stage 1: Effective and thorough diagnosis of diseased palm including assessment of extent of diseased state • Stage 2: Application of ReVive product directly into palm vasculature with specialized applicator along with pruning and removal of dead fronds from palm • Stage 3: Regular reapplication of product over the course of a year, along with regular pruning and soil pH monitoring

21. Please call for a FREE consulation Alfred Alyeshmerni Abartis Chemical Company 1800-CHEMGROW 1-800-243-6476 Last words SIGNIFICANT improvement occurs with palms if treatment is begun promptly before the disease progresses.