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From Thesauri to the Agricultural Ontology Service: the FAO initiative

From Thesauri to the Agricultural Ontology Service: the FAO initiative. 21st APAN Meeting Tokyo, 22-26 January 2006. The question 'How does a thing become conscious?‘ could be put more advantageously thus: 'How does a thing become pre-conscious?'. And the answer would be:

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From Thesauri to the Agricultural Ontology Service: the FAO initiative

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  1. From Thesauri to the Agricultural Ontology Service: the FAO initiative 21st APAN Meeting Tokyo, 22-26 January 2006

  2. The question 'How does a thing become conscious?‘ could be put more advantageously thus: 'How does a thing become pre-conscious?'. And the answer would be: 'By coming into connexion with the verbal images that correspond to it. --Freud

  3. Outline • AGROVOC today • Intelligent web applications • Basis and architecture elements of the AOS system • Achieving our objectives / Project plans • Open issues

  4. AGROVOC today Internationally used Multilingual Maintained as a relational database Distributed in several formats (RDBMS,TagText, ISO2709, SKOS, OWL) Available through Web Services Term-based Limited semantics

  5. Intelligent web applications (1/2) navire barco ship vessel vessel bateau

  6. Intelligent web applications (2/2) • Improved search • Cross-language • Query expansion • Federated search / Terminology brokering • Semantic navigation • Inferencing / Reasoning • Machine learning • Better results display • Clustering • Ranking

  7. AGROVOCRDFS formats (e.g. SKOS) Basis of the AOS system (1/2) Improved structure RDBMS Improved structure

  8. Basis of the AOS system (2/2) • Concept based • More semantics • “Language independent” • Possibility of interoperability with other KOS • Web enabled Improved structure Ontology + OWL

  9. AOS architecture elements:What is an Ontology • Explicit representation of domain knowledge • Concepts are uniquely defined • Capability of performing reasoning or making inferences • Ontologies can be used • by humans for knowledge sharing and • by software agents for knowledge processing

  10. AOS architecture elements:What is OWL • Representation format • Built in top of RDFS • Simple and complex semantics representation • Easily sharable across the Web • Ontology interoperability • Reasoning

  11. AOS architecture elements:Core Elements AGROVOCConcept Server Ontology Registry Improved structure Sub-domainontologies Metadata ontologies • Built from AGROVOC • Domain concepts • Categories

  12. ABACA NT1 Food NT2 Apple ANIMAL BT Organ NT .... AGROVOCRDFS formats (e.g. SKOS) and TagTextISO2709 ABACA NT1 Food NT2 Apple ANIMAL BT Organ NT .... Other thesauriandterminologies AOS/CSWorkbench AGROVOCOWL integration Other thesauriand terminologies AOS architecture elements:Overall picture mapping export

  13. Achieving our objectives • Refine semantics and enrich lexicon • AOS/CS Workbench for terminology and ontology development and maintenance

  14. What more semantics means MAIZE UF corn NT flint maize NT popcorn NT sweet corn MILK NT Milk Fat NT Colostrum NT Cow Milk International Fund for Agricultural Development UF IFAD MAIZE synonym corn superclass-of flint maize used-to-make popcorn hybridized-into sweet corn MILK ingredient Milk Fat ingredient Colostrum superclass-of Cow Milk International Fund for Agricultural Development acronym IFAD

  15. The AOS/CS-Workbench (1/2) • Support and manage the multi-language terminology (development, maintenance, and quality assurance) • Features • Text processing • Corpus Creation • Corpus Analysis • Term/Relationship Management • Quality Assurance • Versioning and Deployment

  16. Concept Hierarchy text corpus .doc, .pdf, .xml, etc. The AOS/CS-Workbench (2/2) input AOS/CSWorkbench concordance pattern-matching multilingual input

  17. Project plans • Definition of the supporting format • Design of the new AGROVOC OWL structure • AGROVOC data cleaning and refinement • AGROVOC conversion to OWL: distinction between terms and concepts whenever possible; AGROVOC-OWL version1 for tests; final OWL version soon; • Design and implement the maintenance system

  18. Open issues • Ontology lifecycle • Ontology mapping • Ontology merging • No more words but URIs in IS • Better exploitation of the potentiality at the application level: powerful IR • AOS Workshops + training • Ontology Web services (OWS)

  19. Take-home message • There are many uses for terminology + ontology systems in food and agriculture, both for information access and information processing • FAO has several projects using such systems • FAO is deploying the Agricultural Ontology Server (AOS)as a global resource • FAO is refining AGROVOC and other terminology + ontology systems and is building AOS/CS Workbench, a tool to support this effort

  20. Concluding... From here.... To here....

  21. Questions? margherita.sini@fao.orgThank you.

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