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1960s American Pop: Good Vibrations and the British Invasion

Join us for a comprehensive study session covering chapters 8 and 9 of American Pop and the British Invasion in the 1960s. We will discuss the rise of dance music, Motown, the Brill Building, and more. Don't miss this chance to review for your final exam!

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1960s American Pop: Good Vibrations and the British Invasion

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  1. Friendly Warning # 1:Multi-Chapter Test (# 4) Covers most of Chapters 8 & 9(and maybe a small part of 10?)(see Review Sheets for specifics)Tuesday, 26 April 2016

  2. Friendly Warning # 2 Final Exam Thursday, 28 April 201610:00 am – 12:50 pmComprehensive “Study Session” for reviewing your own tests TBA (27 Apr ‘16?)

  3. Chapter 9 “Good Vibrations” :American Pop and the British Invasion, the 1960s

  4. Chapter 9 (outline) The Early 1960s: Dance music and “Teenage Symphonies” Berry Gordy and Motown Brian Wilson and the Beach Boys The Beatles, the British Invasion, and the American Response [Remainder TBD]

  5. American Bandstand (1952-89) • Local Afternoon Dance Party (Phila. TV, Dick Clark hosts) • National (‘57), Weekends (’63) • Top 40 record format- “rate a record” (Ed Forsythe "Got A Lot Longer To Go" (Rate-A-Record Review) – YouTube)- lip-syncing performers • Exs.- Theme song: American Bandstand Les Elgart Bandstand Boogie 1952 – YouTube- Teenagers dancing: Danny & the Juniors - At The Hop (American Bandstand 1958) - YouTube Dick Clark (1929-2012)“World’s Oldest Teenager”

  6. The Twist • Hank Ballard and the Midnighters (1957)- Ex. Hank Ballard - The Twist - YouTube • 1960: Dick Clark- produces cover w/ Chubby Checker - promoted on American Bandstand- Ex. Chubby Checker - The Twist – YouTube- or Chubby Checker "The Twist" – YouTube (AB) • The Peppermint Lounge (NYC)- Joey Dee – “The Peppermint Twist”- Ex. Joey Dee & The Starliters - Peppermint Twist. - YouTube • Spin-offs (a few):- Chubby Checker – “Let’s Twist Again”- The Beatles – “Twist and Shout”- Sam Cooke – “Twisting the Night Away”- Twist (dance) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

  7. Brill Building 1619 Broadway • North end of Times Square • Aldon Music locates here • “Vertical integration” of- songwriting- demos- publishing- recording & distribution • Producers in charge • Songwriting to order • Girl Groups

  8. Brill Building Sound (early ‘60s) Carole King (b. 1942) & Gerry Goffin (b. 1939) • Carol King & Gerry Goffin- THE SHIRELLES (HIGH QUALITY) - WILL YOU STILL LOVE ME TOMORROW – YouTube (1960 - # 1 Pop) • Ellie Greenwich & Jeff Barry- The Ronettes - Be my baby (HQ) – YouTube (1963 - # 2 Pop)(Text book LG, p. 292-3) • Barry Mann & Cynthia Weill- Uptown - The Crystals (Original Quintet) 1962 - YouTube(1962 - # 13 Pop [Twist Album])(Text book LG, p. 292-3) Ellie Greenwich (1940-2009)& Jeff Barry(b. 1938) Barry Mann(b. 1939) & Cynthia Weill (b. 1940)

  9. Phil Spector(b. 1939) • Session musician, composer, & producer • Producer as “star” • “Wall of Sound” • Examples- The Crystals - Then He Kissed Me – YouTube[US # 6, UK # 2]- YouTube - Righteous Brothers You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin' (45 RPM)[BMI: “Most played song of the 20th Century”] • More Recently…… Convicted of 2nd degree murder (2009)

  10. The “Wrecking Crew”(LA studio musicians) Carol Kaye

  11. Motown

  12. Berry Gordy (b. 1929) • Detroit- based (the “Motor City”) • Boxer, military, songwriter, etc. • 1959 – borrows $ 800 to start R&B label, UA distributes • 1960 – merges into MOTOWN- Mary Wells (1st star)- Smokey Robinson (songwriter) • Ex. - Mary Wells-My Guy Lyrics (1964 song) (1964, #1 R& B of year) • “The Sound of Young America”

  13. Motown • Producer in charge (Gordy) • Detroit Session Musicians • Holland-Dozier-Holland • “Funk” Brothers (band) • Head Arrangements • Emphasis on Live Performers (over records)- Choreography- “Charm School” • “…buy this record or buy a sandwich?”

  14. The Temptations • The Distants, The Elgins, etc. • Motown contract (1961)- no hits for 3-4 years- experiment w/ sound (who’s lead?) • Breakthrough (1964) : YouTube - The Temptations - The Way You Do The Things You Do (listen to the words) • YouTube - My Girl (David Ruffin, lead)(text book LG, p. 297-98) • The Temptations: My Girl and The Way You Do The Things You Do 1965 – YouTube (examples of choreography) • 2nd longest running Motown act(1961-77, 1980-2004)

  15. The Supremes • Detroit high school cover act(doo wop, pop, soul, etc.) • Motown contract (1961) • “no-hit” Supremes (1961-63) • Diana Ross – lead w/ backupsFlorence Ballard & Mary White • Exs.- The Supremes - Where Did Our Love Go (Lyrics) – YouTube (1964 # 1 pop)- The Supremes - Baby Love – YouTube (1964 # 1 pop)- You Can't Hurry Love by The Supremes w/ lyrics – YouTube (1966, # 1 pop)(text book LG, p. 297-98) • Motown’s most commercially successful act

  16. Holland-Dozier-Holland • Primary Motown Songwriting Team (1962-7) • Brian Holland, Lamont Dozier, Edward Holland, Jr. • 1967 – dispute w/ Gordy- leave label in 1968- 10-year legal battle • 1968 – found Invictus and Hot Wax records • 1977 – Gordy wins lawsuit

  17. The Funk Brothers • Motown “house” band- Detroit session players- 1959-1972 • 13 core players (uncredited) • Innovative techniques- 2 drummers (most tracks)- unusual instruments & effects (toy piano, tire iron) • Disbanded 1972- Motown moves to L.A.- few go west • Documentary: Standing in the Shadows of Motown

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