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1. 1. What philosophy did both Mohandas Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr use in their quests for civil rights?A. DemocracyB. Nonviolent protestC. CommunismD. Violent overthrow Answer: B
2. 2. What was the Manhattan Project?A. An economic recovery program in EuropeB. The mapping of New York CityC. A scientific effort to build an atomic bombD. President Wilson’s international organization Answer: C
3. 3. Representatives from which of the countries below attended the Berlin conference?A. ChinaB. LiberiaC. IndiaD. Great Britain Answer: D – This is when they divided up Africa into countries.
4. 4. During the Industrial Revolution, why was there a rural-to-urban migration?A. People wanted to leave the crowded citiesB. Raw materials were scarce in rural areasC. Workers were needed for the new factoriesD. Women gained voting rights and moved Answer: C
5. 5. Why is the world of the 21st century referred to as a “global village”?A. Cities are now so large, it is like one megalopolisB. Worldwide communication is instantaneousC. Most people are moving back to rural areasD. Mass transit is available everywhere Answer: B
6. 6. Which technological advancement in navigation replaced the astrolabe?A. The lateen sailB. The compassC. The sextantD. The steam engine Answer: C
7. 7. What political theory did Baron de Montesquieu promise as the best way to govern?A. Separation of powersB. Self-governmentC. Absolute monarchyD. dictatorship Answer: A
8. 8. What was a major influence on ideas of the National Assembly in France at the start of the French Revolution?A. Legislative AssemblyB. Declaration of IndependenceC. Reign of TerrorD. National Convention Answer: B
9. 9. Why was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) formed?A. As a military alliance to combat a Soviet invasion of Western EuropeB. As an economic assistance plan to rebuild Europe after World War IIC. As a military alliance to combat a Western invasion of the U.S.S.R.D. as an economic assistance plan to rebuild Europe after World War I Answer: A
10. 10. Although the Portuguese were the first European people to trade for African Slaves, which nation dominated the slave trade in the Americas?A. SpainB. FranceC. Great BritainD. Germany Answer: C
11. 11. What was the cause of the Great Depression?A. The stock market crashed in 1929B. Factory production everywhere doubledC. The U. S. lowered tariffs on European goodsD. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was elected president Answer: A
12. 12. Where did absolute rulers in Europe believe their right to rule came from?A. The peopleB. The legislatureC. The council of advisorsD. god Answer: D
13. 13. Why were countries like Yugoslavia, Romania, Poland, and Albania called satellite nations of the U.S.S.R. after World War II?A. They held free electionsB. They invaded the Soviet UnionC. They were influenced and controlled by the Soviet UnionD. They were colonies of the Soviet Union Answer: C
14. 14. What prompted the energy crisis of the 1970s?A. NATO refused to sell food and other necessities to the U.S.S.RB. OPEC refused to sell petroleum to Western supporters of IsraelC. The UN sent troops into Vietnam to deliver food and other necessitiesD. PRC threatened to withhold petroleum from Taiwan Answer: B
15. 15. Who was the Chinese communist revolutionary leader during the Chinese civil war in the late 1940s?A. Ho Chi MinhB. Chiang Kai-shekC. Mao ZedongD. Kim Jong Ill Answer: C
16. 16. Napoleon created a great empire across Europe in the early 1800s. Why was he also responsible for the growth of nationalism.A. He was a great military leader whom everyone admiredB. Napoleon’s defeat led to freed countries, establishing a new orderC. His family members were installed on European thronesD. His taxes helped build majestic palaces throughout Europe Answer: A
17. 17. During the colonial expansion of European countries in the Americas, a new form of economy called capitalism emerged. What is capitalism?A. Private ownership and investment of money for profitB. Government ownership of business and control of profitC. Monarchy-sponsored business and control of profitD. Business and profit control by one individual Answer: A
18. 18. Why is separation of powers an important aspect of government?A. It limits rights of individualsB. It limits abuses of powerC. It reduces cooperation in governmentD. It promotes a strong executive Answer: B
19. 19. During WWII, who were the Axis powers?A. Japan, China, and VietnamB. U.S., Great Britain, and FranceC. Germany, Italy, and JapanD. Soviet Union, Great Britain, and the U.S. Answer: C
20. 20. Why should the destruction of the rain forests in the Amazon Basin in Brazil be a concern for other countries as well?A. It increases habitats for endangered plants and animalsB. It contributes to the process of global warmingC. It hurts the Brazilian economyD. It increases farmland for people to grow necessities Answer: B
21. 21. The Chinese resisted attempts of U.S. and European colonization and domination of Chinese trade. What movement highlighted Chinese frustration?A. The Open Door PolicyB. The Boxer RebellionC. The Sepoy RebellionD. The Zulu War Answer: A
22. 22. Who, along with Jose de San Martin, was responsible for heading up the independence movements in South America?A. Father Miguel HidalgoB. Simon BolivarC. Dom PedroD. Padre Morelos Answer: B
23. 23. Against which country did Mohandas Gandhi lead the independence movement for India?A. United StatesB. FranceC. Great BritainD. China Answer: C
24. 24. How could the absolute monarchy of Louis XVI best be described?A. Unlimited governmentB. Limited governmentC. Constitutional governmentD. democracy Answer: A
25. 25. What did the “final solution” mean?A. The atomic bomb dropped on HiroshimaB. The allied victory at the Battle of the BulgeC. The elimination of the Jews by the NazisD. Japan’s defeat at the Battle of the Coral Sea Answer: C
26. 26. Which European power was finally able to round the tip of Africa and sail to India?A. SpainB. PortugalC. Great BritainD. France Answer: B
27. 27. As a result of the Spanish-American War, which former Spanish colony became an independent nation?A. GuamB. The PhilippinesC. CubaD. Puerto Rico Answer: C
28. 28. What was apartheid in South Africa?A. Federal SystemB. DemocracyC. Legal racial discriminationD. Economic assistance program Answer: C
29. 29. Who were two political leaders during WWII?A. Theodore Roosevelt and Vladimir LeninB. Winston Churchill and Leon TrotskyC. Woodrow Wilson and Joseph StalinD. Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin Answer: D
30. 30. Why was the scientific method controversial in Europe in the mid-1500s?A. The method of experimentation supported the church’s beliefsB. Galileo denied Copernicus's theory that the sun was the center of the universeC. Church scholars said that Earth was the center of the universeD. Aristotle promoted logic and disagreed with the church’s beliefs Answer: C
31. 31. Why has the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Israel caused continued conflict in the Middle East?A. Great Britain had to give up its colony in PalestineB. Jews could not travel freely to the “Promised Land”C. Palestinian lands were given to the JewsD. The Ottoman Turks demanded control Answer: C
32. 32. The Treaty of Tordesillas was an agreement between which two countries?A. France and EnglandB. Spain and EnglandC. Netherlands and EnglandD. Spain and Portugal Answer: D
33. 33. Why did Europe colonize Africa?A. African governments were strong and competed with EuropeB. Natural resources were needed to fuel European industrializationC. There was not enough territory for everyone in Europe to shareD. Africans asked for assistance and the Europeans helped them Answer: B
34. 34. Which explorer left from Portugal and traveled around the tip of Africa to discover a sea route to Asia?A. Christopher ColumbusB. Ferdinand MagellanC. Vasco da GamaD. John Cabot Answer: C
35. 35. What was a characteristic of limited government found in England following the Glorious Revolution?A. No suspension of Parliament’s lawsB. Taxation without the monarch’s approvalC. Freedom of speech for the monarchsD. Parliament overruling the king Answer: A
36. 36. What is fascism, as displayed in Italy before WWII?A. Rule by the peopleB. Economy controlled by private enterpriseC. Equal protection under the lawD. Denial of individual rights and dictatorial rule Answer: D
37. 37. British society changed with the Industrial Revolution. What social class emerged as a new force in society?A. AristocracyB. NobilityC. Middle ClassD. peasant Answer: C
38. 38. Why did the United States enter the conflict in Korea?A. The UN wanted to defend the peninsula against Communist invasionB. Ho Chi Minh invaded Seoul, the capital city of KoreaC. China wanted to establish a colony in MongoliaD. Russia threatened to invade East Asia Answer: A
39. 39. Peter the Great of Russia tried to bring Russia in touch with the rest of the modern world. What was one improvement he instituted in Russian society.A. He banned the service nobilityB. He forced all men to wear beardsC. He based promotion on birthD. He elevated the position of women Answer: A
40. 40. What was the main reason the U.S.S.R. dissolved?A. Democracy is a better political systemB. Soviet military power declinedC. The United States was too strongD. Its economic system was not effective Answer: D
41. 41. Who established the most powerful trading company in Asia in the 1600s?A. BritainB. NetherlandsC. PortugalD. Spain Answer: C
42. 42. After the Berlin conference in which Africa was divided up between European nations, how many independent African countries remained?A. 0B. 1C. 2D. 6 Answer: C
43. 43. Which civil rights leader from South Africa advocated nonviolent protest against apartheid?A. Martin Luther King Jr.B. Nelson MandelaC. Malcolm XD. Jesse Jackson Answer: B
44. 44. Why did the United States enter the conflict in Vietnam?A. To help the French recapture their colonyB. To aid the British in their expansion in AsiaC. To stop the “domino effect” of Communist takeoverD. To aid Japan in the fight against China Answer: C
45. 45. Why was the Treaty of Versailles harmful to Germany?A. It placed blame for World War I on FranceB. It required Germany to pay reparationsC. German territories reverted to NATO controlD. The U.S. demanded reparations from Poland Answer: B
46. 46. Which American president helped Panama achieve independence from Columbia and established the Panama Canal?A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Grover Cleveland Answer: A
47. 47. Where did the Sepoy Rebellion take place?A. IndiaB. ChinaC. JapanD. The Philippines Answer: A
48. 48. What was the main threat to world political stability during the cold war between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.?A. Economic instabilityB. Nuclear warC. Global warmingD. colonization Answer: B
49. 49. Who was victorious in the Russian Revolution?A. The NazisB. The communistsC. The FascistsD. The Libertarians Answer: B
50. 50. As nations move into the postindustrial age, what is the leading industry in the late 20th-21st century?A. Manufacturing industryB. Agricultural industryC. Service industryD. Mining industry Answer: A
51. 51. Which best describes the goal of the colonies founded by English and European settlers?A. Concentrated settlements having little contact with outsidersB. Trade settlements for the purpose of goods exchangeC. Permanent colonial settlementsD. Religious settlements to escape persecution Answer: C
52. 52. What happens in a limited form of government?A. The government has unrestricted power and authority over its citizensB. The government has restricted power and authority over its citizensC. Citizens must show loyalty to the governmentD. Citizens have restricted rights and freedoms Answer: C
53. 53. Which statement describes a benefit of the assembly line?A. More goods could be produced in less timeB. Less goods could be produced in more timeC. One worker could create a whole productD. A matching part could not be found for a broken one Answer: A
54. 54. Which best describes the government in Italy after World War I?A. A monarchyB. A republicC. A democratic governmentD. A Fascist dictatorship Answer: D
55. 55. What type of relationship emerged between Europe and Asia beginning in the early 1500s?A. An alliance of armed forcesB. A hostile relationshipC. A trade relationshipD. An unequal relationship Answer: C
56. 56. How did industrialization impact European Imperialism?A. Many trade routes were closed offB. Living conditions in cities improvedC. Many European jobs moved from cities to farmsD. More raw materials were needed Answer: D
57. 57. Why did Japan expand its imperial control into East Asia?A. Japan wanted to gain raw materials and prove its strength to the EuropeansB. Japan needed access to shipping portsC. Japan wanted to increase its influence in ChinaD. Japan wanted to shift power back to the Shogun Answer: A
58. 58. Which best describes the main causes of World War IA. colonialism, communism, industrialization and patriotismB. Colonialism, capitalism, industrialization, and patriotismC. Militarism capitalism, imperialism, and nationalismD. Militarism, secret alliances, imperialism, and nationalism Answer: D
59. 59. Mikhail Gorbachev encouraged the idea of perestroika, meaning economic restructuring. Which of the following is an example of this idea?A. People began to support communismB. People were allowed to open small, privately owned businessesC. The government took over most privately owned businessesD. Communist leaders supported the popular election of Boris Yeltsin Answer: B
60. 60. How did Portugal improve sea travel?A. Portuguese sailors scared away piratesB. The Portuguese designed superior shipsC. The Portuguese proved that Earth was not flatD. The Portuguese developed pills to prevent seasickness Answer: B
61. 61. What was the purpose of the English Bill of Rights?A. To limit the powers of the king and queenB. To abolish colonialismC. To give the American colonies their freedomD. To improve trade with other countries Answer: A
62. 62. What was the name of the failed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro?A. Guantanamo BayB. Bay of PigsC. GlasnostD. 38th parallel Answer: B
63. 63. What was the purpose of the Nuremberg trials?A. To get Germany to pay for World War IB. To end World War IIC. To hold people responsible for war crimesD. To test new economic policies in Germany Answer: C
64. 64. What was the name given to Theodore Roosevelt’s fighting force in the Spanish-American War?A. The UntouchablesB. The StormC. The Rough RidersD. Teddy’s Soldiers Answer: C
65. 65. Napoleon amassed a great empire across Europe in the early 1800s causing growth of nationalism. Which country was he from?A. EnglandB. GermanyC. RussiaD. France Answer: D
66. 66. Which of the following would help protect the environment?A. Reduce the use of fossil fuelsB. Clearing land for farmingC. Increased use of energyD. Increasing the number of landfills Answer: A
67. 67. Mohandas Gandhi fought for the rights of which social class?A. BrahminB. ShadrasC. UntouchablesD. nobility Answer: C
68. 68. Which was a source of great profit in European colonies?A. FishingB. Map-makingC. PlantationsD. Ship building Answer: C
69. 69. Which of the following was vital during the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries?A. Computer technologyB. Improved farming techniquesC. The steam engineD. A sense of nationalism Answer: C
70. 70. Which early 1900s U.S. president supported progressive policies like the Meat Inspection Act, the Pure Food and Drug Act, and the regulation of business?A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Grover Cleveland Answer: A
71. 71. Who was a Communist leader during the Russian Revolution?A. Vladimir LeninB. Joseph StalinC. Boris YeltsinD. Vladimir Putin Answer: A
72. 72. Which of the following best describes Czar Peter the Great’s form of leadership?A. DemocraticB. AuthoritarianC. CommunistD. Liberal Answer: B
73. 73. What is the result of instantaneous worldwide communication?A. Decrease in urbanizationB. Establishment of a global villageC. Development of a megalopolisD. Introduction of a command economy Answer: B
74. 74. Although England was the nation that dominated the slave trade in the Americas, which country first traded for African slaves?A. FranceB. NetherlandsC. SpainD. Portugal Answer: C
75. 75. What was the cause of the Boxer Rebellion in China?A. Religious freedomB. Protests over election restrictions in Hong KongC. Restrictions of Chinese trade in AmericaD. Resistance to U.S. and European attempts to colonize China Answer: A
76. 76. What happened as a result of the stock market crash of 1929?A. The Great DepressionB. Industrial RevolutionC. Economic revivalD. The re-election of Hoover Answer: A
77. 77. Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas are connected to which period in history?A. The EnlightenmentB. The Russian RevolutionC. The Middle AgesD. World War I Answer: A
78. 78. Why was OPEC formed?A. To assist NATO in guarding EuropeB. To ship food supplies to AfricaC. To regulate the supply and price of oilD. To regulate communications in the U.S.S.R. Answer: C
79. 79. Why was the Warsaw Pact formed?A. As a military alliance to combat a Soviet invasion of Western EuropeB. As an economic assistance plan to rebuild Europe after World War IIC. As a military alliance to combat a Western invasion of the U.S.S.RD. As a means to control oil prices Answer: C
80. 80. What was the most powerful trading company in Asia in the 1600s?A. British East India CompanyB. French East India CompanyC. Spanish East India CompanyD. Dutch East India Company Answer: A
81. 81. Which country refused to trade with Europeans?A. IndiaB. KoreaC. SpainD. Portugal Answer: B
82. 82. In the mid 1500s, who believed that Earth was at the center of the universe?A. AristotleB. Nicolaus CopernicusC. Church scholarsD. John Calvin Answer: B
83. 83. Why was the League of Nations created?A. To settle disputes between countriesB. To give financial aid to poor countriesC. To redesign geographical boundariesD. To increase trade between Europe and Asia Answer: A
84. 84. What system of government reduces abuses of power?A. Separation of powersB. DictatorshipC. AristocracyD. Unlimited government Answer: A
85. 85. What helped end colonialism?A. A Worldwide treatyB. Peaceful protestsC. The rise of communismD. Finances and national resistance Answer: B
86. 86. The cold war was a conflict between which two countries?A. Iceland and GreenlandB. Finland and the Soviet UnionC. The Soviet Union and the United StatesD. United States and Japan Answer: C
87. 87. Who defeated the French in Indochina in the 1950s?A. ThailandB. ChinaC. JapanD. Vietnam Answer: C
88. 88. Which country in Africa was never colonized during the European race for colonization in the 19th century?A. EgyptB. South AfricaC. AlgeriaD. Ethiopia Answer: D
89. 89. Which leader was indirectly responsible for the rise in nationalism across Europe in the early 1800s?A. Louis the XIVB. Napoleon IC. Louis XVID. Napoleon II Answer: B
90. 90. What was Hitler’s name for the German Empire?A. GlasnostB. Third ReichC. BlitzkriegD. Axis power Answer: B
91. 91. Urbanization grew during the Industrial Revolution. What is urbanization?A. Interchangeable partsB. Move from the cities to the countryC. MechanizationD. Move from the country to the cities Answer: D
92. 92. What was the Glorious Revolution in England?A. An effort to increase power of the monarchyB. Victory in the Seven Years’ WarC. An effort to limit the power of the monarchyC. Celebration of Louis XIV’s rise to the throne Answer: C
93. 93. Which of the following has greatly improved communications in the modern age?A. Delivery servicesB. EducationC. SatellitesD. The telegraph Answer: C
94. 94. In which country did the Boers, Dutch settlers, make their home?A. South AfricaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Japan Answer: A
95. 95. Prince Henry wanted to find a sea route to India and China. What country was he from?A. PortugalB. SpainC. EnglandD. France Answer: A
96. 96. What country rebelled to gain independence from France?A. PeruB. HaitiC. ChinaD. Cuba Answer: B
97. 97. What was the name of the movement led by Mohandas Gandhi that led to the British giving up control of their country?A. Quit PakistanB. Quit IndiaC. Quit South AfricaD. Quit Korea Answer: B
98. 98. Which leader was overthrown during the Russian Revolution in 1917?A. Napoleon IB. Catherine the GreatC. Nicholas IID. Peter the Great Answer: C
99. 99. Who worked to end the policy of apartheid in South Africa?A. Nelson MandelaB. Martin Luther King Jr.C. F.W. de KlerkD. Anwar Sadat Answer: A
100. 100. Hitler and Mussolini represent two-thirds of the countries of which military alliance?A. The AlliesB. NATOC. Warsaw PactD. Axis Powers Answer: D
101. 101. How could the absolute monarchy of Louis XVI be best described?A. Unlimited governmentB. Limited governmentC. Constitutional governmentD. democracy Answer: B
102. 102. Why was the guild system a problem for merchants?A. The guilds charged high taxesB. The guilds could not produce goods fast enoughC. The guilds produced inferior productsD. The guilds were corrupt Answer: B
103. 103. What did Germans use to spread their views in the mid-1900s?A. DiplomacyB. LettersC. PropagandaD. messengers Answer: C
104. 104. What was one way that Mikhail Gorbachev tried to reform the Soviet Union?A. He opened up the country’s bordersB. He raised the price of vodka and beerC. He made communism illegalD. He prohibited travel to other countries Answer: A
105. 105. What was the United Nations’ first military conflict?A. World War IIB. Vietnam WarC. Desert StormD. Korean War Answer: D
106. 106. Why did the British initially colonize Australia?A. For the natural resourcesB. to stop Spanish expansionC. To create a penal colonyD. To increase the spice trade Answer: C
107. 107. How did President Kennedy stop the Cuban Missile Crisis?A. By invading CubaB. By imposing a naval blockadeC. By sending troops to the Soviet UnionD. By sending economic aid to Castro Answer: B
108. 108. Why was the European Union (EU) formed?A. As a military alliance to counteract the U.S. S.R.B. As an economic alliance in EuropeC. To form a partnership with the United StatesD. To have only one government in Europe Answer: B
109. 109. Which of the following is an example of African resistance to the slave trade?A. Buying back freedomB. Capturing villagesC. Mutiny on ships carrying slavesD. Peaceful protests Answer: C
110. 110. Which best describes the limited government in England following the Glorious Revolution?A. Parliament had more control and individual rights were protectedB. Parliament had less control and individual rights were protectedC. Parliament had more control and individual rights were restrictedD. Parliament had less control and individual rights were restricted Answer: A
111. 111. After WWI, totalitarian governments rose to power in Germany, Italy, Japan, and the Soviet Union. How did this rise of totalitarian governments affect the citizens of these countries?A. Citizens became more patrioticB. Citizens were able to live freelyC. Citizens lost most of their personal rights and freedomsD. Citizens earned more money than before the war Answer: C
112. 112. How did the view of the natural world change after the Scientific Revolution?A. The natural world came to be explained by observations and discoveriesB. The natural world came to be explained by a series of scientific debatesC. The natural world came to be explained by the churchD. The natural world came to be explained by the government Answer: A
113. 113. Why did Great Britain want to expand its colonial influence during the age of imperialism?A. Britain began to practice a policy of isolationismB. Britain needed additional sources of raw materialsC. Britain had lost control over IndiaD. Britain wanted to expand its influence in the New World Answer: B
114. 114. Which of the following best describes the resistance encountered by colonizers in Africa, India, and China?A. organized, peaceful and civilizedB. Organized and scatteredC. Civilized and widespreadD. Organized, violent and widespread Answer: A
115. 115. What was the purpose of the Treaty of Versailles?A. The treaty forced Germany to completely disarm in order to prevent a future was on the European continentB. The treaty forced Germany to scale back its army, navy, and air forceC. The treaty forced Germany to take full responsibility for the war, including the payment of reparations to the winning nationsD. The treaty forced Germany to publically acknowledge its wrongdoings. Answer: C
116. 116. How did the Nazi party rise to power in Germany?A. The party was appointed by the parliamentB. The party took advantage of political unrest under a weakened government with a crumbling economyC. The party overthrew the German government in an attempt to remove HindenburgD. The party was formed by the Weimar government Answer: B
117. 117. How did Europe change with the establishment of the European Economic community (EEC)?A. Europe became more unifiedB. Europe became less unifiedC. Trade barriers grew within EuropeD. Trade between European countries became more difficult Answer: A
118. 118. Urbanization is when a country’s population changes from primarily rural to primarily urban. Which of the following is a negative effect of urbanization?A. People have access to better healthcareB. Increased land development allows for more housingC. The growth of cities results in more jobsD. Increased land development eliminates plant and animal habitats Answer: D