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PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews. Background: the need for registration. Systematic reviews usually provide the evidence base upon which health and social care decisions are made so they should be robust and free from bias
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PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews
Background: the need for registration • Systematic reviews usually provide the evidence base upon which health and social care decisions are made so they should be robust and free from bias • There is concern about publication and selective outcome reporting biases associated with systematic reviews • Unplanned duplication of reviews is a waste of resource • No open register for review protocols (Cochrane and Campbell Collaboration protocol registration limited to their own organisations) • PRISMA 2009 Checklist: asks for protocol and registration details
Taking the initiative • Following publication of the PRISMA statement CRD began to receive unsolicited requests to register systematic reviews • CRD has an established IT platform and infrastructure for the DARE, NHS EED and HTA databases • Set up an international advisory group • Carried out an international consultation to establish a minimum dataset and raise awareness
Registration minimum dataset 22 required fields: Administrative Review design Review question/objective Condition/domain studied Search details Participants/population Intervention/exposure Comparator/control Study types Primary outcomes Secondary outcomes Risk of bias (quality) assessment Strategy for data synthesis Planned subgroup analyses • Review title • Named contact(s) • Contact e-mail • Organisational affiliation • Funding source/sponsors • Conflict of interests • Anticipated or actual start date • Stage of review† • Anticipated completion date • Review status† †these fields are updated as the review progresses
Registration dataset 18 optional fields: Administrative Contact postal address Contact phone number Review team members & affiliations Collaborators Other registration details Organisational reference number Language Country Key words Existing review by same authors Any other information ‡ Review design Type of review URL to search strategy URL to full protocol‡ Context Data extraction methods Dissemination plan Link to final report/publication ‡ (added over time) ‡ Fields included in response to Delphi comments
PROSPERO: International prospective register of systematic reviews • Web based • Free to register • Free to search • Users create and update their own records • Minimum data set required • Record content is the responsibility of review lead • Administrators check for “sense” not peer review • A public audit trail of amendments is maintained
Eligibility for inclusion in PROSPERO • Systematic reviews of the effects of interventions and strategies to prevent, diagnose, treat, and monitor health conditions, for which there is a health related outcome • Exclusions: Reviews of reviews, Scoping reviews, Reviews of methods, Reviews of animal studies • Completed reviews are not accepted • Registration should take place once the systematic review protocol is finalised, but ideally before screening studies for inclusion begins • Working on automatic upload of Cochrane protocols, so they should not be registered individually
The story so far… • PROSPERO opened for registration 22 February 2011 By November 2011: • Registered reviews being undertaken in 27 different countries • 227 registrations published : • 217 are ongoing reviews • 8 are completed but not yet published • 2 are completed and published • 55 submissions rejected – almost all because they were too far advanced or completed on first submission
Current and future developments • Support from organisations such as Cochrane and Campbell Collaborations, Joanna Briggs Institute, G-I-N, INAHTA • Support from PLoS journals, BMJ and the new BMC journal Systematic Reviews • Establishing mechanisms with commissioning and funding organisations to facilitate grant holder uptake and compliance • National Institute for Health Research (UK) • Canadian Institutes of Health Research • Currently promoting registration phase of development and planning promotion of search facility • Evaluation after one year of operation planned
Visitors to the PROSPERO website • Between the launch on 22 Feb 2011 and 22 Nov 2011 the PROSPERO site had over 10,000 visitors from 104 different identifiable countries or territories