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Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency

Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency. Mechanical Advantage. A machine’s MA is the number of times a force exerted on a machine is multiplied by the machine. The MA is a ratio between the output and input force MA = Output Force / Input Force. 0.

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Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency

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  1. Mechanical Advantage and Efficiency

  2. Mechanical Advantage • A machine’s MA is the number of times a force exerted on a machine is multiplied by the machine. • The MA is a ratio between the output and input force • MA = Output Force / Input Force

  3. 0 If you exert a force of 20 N on a can opener, and the opener exerts a force of 60 N on the can, the ideal mechanical advantage of the can opener is • 6 • 2 • 1200 • 3

  4. Mechanical Advantage > 1 • A machine with a mechanical advantage of greater than 1 multiplies the input force. • Examples: can opener a ramp

  5. Mechanical Advantage < 1 • A machine with a mechanical advantage of less than 1 does not multiply the force but increases the distance and speed. • Example: Hockey Stick Paper Fan

  6. Mechanical Advantage = 1 • A machine with a mechanical advantage of 1 means that a machine changes the direction of the force. • Example: Rope

  7. 0 The mechanical advantage of a machine that changes only the direction of force is • 1 • Less than 1 • Greater than 1 • 0

  8. Efficiency of Machines • To calculate the efficiency of a machine, divide the output work by the input work and multiply the result by 100 percent. • Efficiency = Output work * 100% Input work

  9. 0 The efficiency of a machine compares • Force to mass • Output work to input work. • Force to friction • Friction to mass

  10. Actual Mechanical Advantage • The actual mechanical advantage is the mechanical advantage that a machine provides in a real situation.

  11. Ideal Mechanical Advantage • The ideal mechanical advantage is the mechanical advantage of a machine without friction. • The more efficient a machine is, the closer the actual mechanical advantage is to the ideal mechanical advantage.

  12. 0 An ideal machine would have an efficiency of • 1 percent • 10 percent • 50 percent • 100 percent

  13. 0 If tight scissors have an efficiency of 50 percent, how much of your work is wasted overcoming friction? • All of it • None of it • One half of it • 10 percent of it

  14. 0 Without friction there would be • Less machine efficiency. • Greater output work than input work. • Greater input work than output work. • Equal input and output work.

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