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光散射原理

光散射原理. 光是一種電磁波,其振盪的電場與行進方向垂直。當光通過粒子時,粒子在電場作用下,產生誘發性偶極矩。偶極矩振盪所產生的電磁輻射,即是散射光。. 粒子在偏極光作用下所產生之光散射. 光散射之分類. Static Light Scattering (SLS) Weight average molecular( 分子量 ) Radius of gyration( 迴旋半徑 ) Second virial coefficient( 維里係數 ) Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) Correlation function

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光散射原理

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  1. 光散射原理 • 光是一種電磁波,其振盪的電場與行進方向垂直。當光通過粒子時,粒子在電場作用下,產生誘發性偶極矩。偶極矩振盪所產生的電磁輻射,即是散射光。

  2. 粒子在偏極光作用下所產生之光散射

  3. 光散射之分類 • Static Light Scattering (SLS) • Weight average molecular(分子量) • Radius of gyration(迴旋半徑) • Second virial coefficient(維里係數) • Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) • Correlation function • Diffusion coefficient(擴散常數)

  4. 實驗儀器

  5. Static Light Scattering 根據Rayliegh 理論 The Rayleigh ratio

  6. 考慮非理想氣體分子間的交互作用(Using the second virial coefficent A2) • 假設粒子為圓球狀 θ=散射角 d=粒子半徑

  7. Dynamic Light Scattering 因粒子在溶液因受液體分子間的撞擊,均作布朗運動,粒子大運動慢,反之,則越快。由此性質便可求得其擴散速率,進而一步球出粒徑的大小。

  8. 散射向量(q) Ki=入射光的波向量 Kf=入射光的波向量 θ是散射角

  9. 根據統計理論

  10. 根據Einstein-Stokes定律 • 其中D 是顆粒的擴散係數 kb是波茲曼常數 T 是絕對溫度 η是容液的黏滯系數 a 是待測物的顆粒半徑

  11. 未來研究方向與業界儀器比較 High flexibility • 可改用步進馬達,增加角度量測精確度 • Correlator可選用Photon mode或time mode,提高動態量測的準確度 • 可進一步設計為小角度光散射(LALS) • 可變更偵檢器設計在平面上移動,檢測薄膜材料 • In-situ study in the presence of a shear field

  12. 參考文獻 1.An Introduction to Dynamic light Scattering by Macromolecules Kenneth S.Schmitz 2.結晶專刊 化工 第46卷第2期(1999) 陳永信 3.中央大學 懸浮粒子的光散射實驗(1988) 于仲傑 4. X光繞射原理與材料結構分析 許樹恩 吳泰伯

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