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Intervention Alcohol, Youth and Offences

Intervention Alcohol, Youth and Offences. Dr. Rob Bovens, Trimbos Institute Professor University of applied science Windesheim , Zwolle Stockholm, 16 november 2012. Content. The occasion Context The Start The Intervention (target group, proces, program) Evaluation

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Intervention Alcohol, Youth and Offences

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  1. Intervention Alcohol, YouthandOffences Dr. Rob Bovens, TrimbosInstitute Professor University of appliedscienceWindesheim, Zwolle Stockholm, 16 november 2012

  2. Content • The occasion • Context • The Start • The Intervention (target group, proces, program) • Evaluation • Future

  3. The Occasion • Since 2003 there have been manyindications in The Netherlands thatyoungsters drink: - tooyoung - tooearly(on average at 12 in 2003) - toomuch • A lot of public violenceandnuisanceunder the influence of alcohol • Desiretoreach the parents, especiallythosewho are difficulttoreach • Desireto offer a meaningfulalternative • Lookingforanintervention in accordancewithlocalandregional policy

  4. Boys and girls: alcohol use last month (minimal 1 glas) (Verdurmen e.a., Trimbos, 2012)Boys Girls

  5. For example: destruction and age (Region Dordrecht, Jim Verhoeven 2008)

  6. In a stimulating society regarding to use of alcohol caused by…… everyday use by role models is common stimulating drinking at home instead of the unsafe and expensive world outside a growing amount of selling points lower costs a growing amount of events

  7. There is a lack of control parents do not discuss or share rules with other parents smaller families (a private room for every child) both parents are working no alcohol policy in schools more and more cabins and caravans

  8. Campaigns, Education, Research Community Opinions Policy, Government, Law and Legislation Experiences Price Advertising Intervention ‘Alcohol, youth and offences’

  9. Context • 2006 – 2011: nationalcampaigns (target group: parentsandothereducators) • About 25 local and regional projects in The Netherlands on alcohol and youth • Collaboration public health andlawenforcement • Change of nationallegislation

  10. The Start • Regional project in ‘The Achterhoek’ (eastern part of the country, 8 municipalities) • Situation (2004) much more seriousthan in otherparts of the country (drinking beer at 11/12 yearsold was regular) • Priorities: setting the agenda (campaigns), educationforparents, schoolmasters, boards of sportclubs etc. • Just later on actions against retailers and barkeepers The awareness was growing but therewere manyparentswhoweredifficulttoreach

  11. The Solution • Make use of the criminal justice system (strong arm of the law) • Develop a program for youngsters and their parents as well • Make use of positive experiences with more or less simular interventions • Get big public support by explaining the meaning of the measure

  12. Simular interventions • Alcohol Traffic Courses (30% lower recidivism rates, Bovens 1991) • Intervention Alcohol and Delinquency (30% lower recidivism rates, Bovens et al. 1987) • Alternative Sanction Alcohol and Delinquency (no behaviour research, increasing knowledge and more positive attitude, Brouwer et al., 1998)

  13. The intervention ‘Alcohol, youth and offences’ • Target group • Executive agencies • The proces • Duration • The program: - meeting parents - meetings youngsters

  14. Target group • Age: 12 – 18 years • Offences: - vandalism - alcohol use in forbiddenplaces - go pee in public places - public drunkenness - (little) violation • No objections (psychiatricproblems, heavy alcohol problems, etc.) • Theirparents

  15. Executive agencies • Centresforaddiction cure, care and prevention • HALT (The Alternativeforjustice approach on juvenileoffenders) • Police • Local controllers

  16. Poli ceestablishes criminal fact C harge , togetherwith an an n ouncement of the transfertoH ALT (thealternative) or to the Public Prosecutor C harge to the Public Prosecutor or HALT Intakeon HALT - office + screening Positive : Transferto N egative: re gular training centre HALT - intervention (centres for (community service) prevention on addiction ) Training program for youngsters and their parents. Report to HALT Positive report: Negative report: positive message to T ransfer to Public youngster Prosecutor The Proces

  17. Duration • For youngsters: 6 hours (2 meetings of 2 hours, homework, telephone call with a trainer) • For parents: 2,5 hours • Totally: about 6 weeks

  18. The program

  19. Meeting for parents • Introduction • Acquaintance • Information about alcohol • Past and presence • Puberty and culture • Motives alcohol use and possibilities parents to influence • Norms and values • Conversation with a adolescent • Conversation with a adolescent in practise • Evaluation and termination

  20. Meetings for youngsters (1) Approach: • Kind of offence is irrelevant for the program: common is the use of alcohol • Active attitude of the participantsandsoberness • Collaborative attitude • No moralizingby trainers • < 16 yr: tryto make the choicetoquitdrinking • > 16 yr: tryto make the choicetoreducedrinking or toquit • Principles of motivationinterviewing • Model of ProchaskaandDiClemente (stages of change) Important: • Interaction

  21. Meetings for youngsters (2) Elements: First session: • Personal stories • Information abouteffects of alcohol use • Understanding personal drinkingpatterns • Instructionhomework Homework: • registrationdrinkingpattern, testingknowledge, testingdrinkingbehaviour, interview parents, telephone call Second session: • Discussionabouthomework • Learning torefusean offer • Draw up the balance (advantagesand disadvantages of the behaviour)

  22. Evaluation • Proces (Kuppens et al. 2011) - youngstersandparents are positiveabout the intervention - more arrangementsandrules about the alcohol use • Effect - feb. 2012-dec. 2013 - 250 exp. group, 250 control - knowledge, attitude, drinking behaviour, recidivismrates (6 months)

  23. Future (1) • At the moment: in one year 700 – 1.000 participants in The Netherlands in 6 of the 11 regions • January 2013: new law in The Netherlands: penalization of youngsters < 16 years who possess alcohol beverages in public areas. From then on they will get a fine • When the intervention is effective (we know it before 2014) every youngster gets it instead of a fine • Interesting question: what about if we raise the legal age to 18 years ? The intervention is meant for youngsters from 12-18 years widen the target group?

  24. Future (2) Threat: The intervention will be seen as too soft ! The focus will go to the heavier offender and then they will ‘throw away the baby with the bathwater’. The target group must be the young (first) offender who needs a small educational measurement. It will be effective enough Targeting to the tough part of the participants will raise the costs and reduce the support for offering this intervention (‘you shoot with a gun on a mosquito’). And the additional effects will be small

  25. Thankyouverymuch Mail torbovens@trimbos.nl

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