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Chapter 10 PROGRESSIVE POLITICIANS

Chapter 10 PROGRESSIVE POLITICIANS. Section 1: Reforming Government Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal Section 3: Reform Under Taft Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom”. Section 1: Reforming Government. Objectives:.

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Chapter 10 PROGRESSIVE POLITICIANS

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  1. Chapter 10PROGRESSIVE POLITICIANS Section 1: Reforming Government Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal Section 3: Reform Under Taft Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom”

  2. Section 1: Reforming Government Objectives: • What reforms were enacted to make U.S. voting procedures more democratic? • How did reformers seek to improve city governments? • What were the goals of progressive state leaders?

  3. Section 1: Reforming Government Voting reforms • direct primary • Seventeenth Amendment (direct election of senators) • secret ballot • power of initiative • right to referendum • right of recall

  4. Section 1: Reforming Government Reforms of city government • improvement of police force • improvement of municipal services • labor reforms • hiring of city managers

  5. Section 1: Reforming Government Goals of progressive state leaders • direct primaries • increased taxes on railroads and public utilities • laws to curb lobbying • stricter controls on certain industries • labor reforms • improvement of social services

  6. Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal Objectives: • What was President Roosevelt’s governing style? • Why did the government attempt to regulate trusts and the food and drug industries? • How did the conservation movement develop during Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency?

  7. Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal President Roosevelt’s governing style Roosevelt used his office as a “bully pulpit” to try to balance the interests of business, consumers, and labor.

  8. Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal Government reasons for regulating trusts • Trusts often competed unfairly, in practices such as requiring rebates or discounts. • Trusts sometimes sold inferior products. • Trusts sometimes corrupted public officials.

  9. Section 2: Roosevelt and the Square Deal Roosevelt and the conservation movement • recognized that natural resources were limited • saw that business interests tended to dominate, to the detriment of the environment • created forest reserves • started a reclamation policy • worked to create national parks • was influenced by his friend, Gifford Pinchot, who coined the word conservation

  10. Section 3: Reform Under Taft Objectives: • What progressive reforms were enacted during President Taft’s administration? • What divisions in the Republican Party led to the formation of the Progressive Party? • How did Woodrow Wilson win the 1912 presidential election?

  11. Section 3: Reform Under Taft Progressive reforms under Taft • extended the power of the Interstate Commerce Commission • added land to forest reserves • created the Department of Labor • passed labor-safety laws • adoption of the Sixteenth Amendment (income tax)

  12. Section 3: Reform Under Taft Divisions in the Republican Party • over Taft’s performance • the Ballinger-Pinchot affair • the attack on Joseph Cannon

  13. Section 3: Reform Under Taft Wilson’s victory in 1912 • Republican Party split • Republicans who refused to vote for Taft voted for Wilson • Democratic victory

  14. Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” Objectives: • How did President Wilson’s proposals affect big business and U.S. citizens? • How did Wilson attempt to help farmers and laborers, and how successful were his efforts? • How did American women gain the right to vote?

  15. Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” Tariff reform • helped farmers • cost revenue, but this was made up income tax

  16. Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” Banking reform • created “bankers’ banks” • stabilized the banking system • helped small farmers gain access to lower interest rates

  17. Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” General business reform • extended the 1890 Sherman Antitrust Act • helped the government regulate monopolies

  18. Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” Wilson and farmers and laborers • The Federal Farm Loan Act provided low-interest loans to farmers. • The Adamson Act reduced the workday for railroad workers and averted a strike. • The Keating-Owen Child Labor Act tried to reduce child labor but was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court.

  19. Section 4: Wilson’s “New Freedom” Suffrage for women • Women pressed for a constitutional amendment. • Women’s groups pressured appropriate senators, and campaigned for the defeat of those who voted against suffrage. • Women gained the right to vote with the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment.

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